Melk Abbey

Melk Abbey
Melk Abbey

mōʻaukala

ʻO ka Benedictine Abbey o Melk, ʻike ʻia mai kahi lōʻihi aku, e ʻālohilohi ana i ka melemele ma kahi pali pali e piʻi ana i ka ʻākau i ka muliwai Melk a me ka Danube. ʻOiai ʻo ia kekahi o nā hui baroque i hui pū ʻia ma ʻEulopa, he UNESCO World Heritage Site.

831 Ua kapa ʻia kēia wahi ʻo Medilica (= ka muliwai palena) a he mea koʻikoʻi ma ke ʻano he kuʻuna aliʻi a me ka ʻāpana hale kākela.
I ka hapalua ʻelua o ke kenekulia 10, ua hoʻopiʻi ka Emepera iā Leopold I o Babenberg me kahi ʻāpana haiki ma ka Danube, me ka hale kākela, kahi paʻa paʻa i waena.
ʻO nā manuscripts ma ka Abbey Library of Melk e pili ana i kahi kaiāulu o nā kāhuna ma lalo o Margrave Leopold I. Me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ke aupuni ma ka hikina a hiki i Tulln, Klosterneuburg a me Vienna, ua nalowale ka Melker Burg i kona koʻikoʻi. Akā, ua lilo ʻo Melk i hale kupapaʻu no ka poʻe Babenberg a i hale kanu no St. ʻO Koloman, ka haipule kahu mua o ka ʻāina.
Ua kūkulu ʻia ʻo Margrave Leopold II ma luna o ka pōhaku ma luna o ke kaona, kahi i neʻe ai nā mōneka Benedictine mai Lambach Abbey i ka makahiki 1089. Leopold III ua hoʻoili ʻia i ka Benedictines ka pā hale kākela ʻo Babenberg, a me nā ʻāina a me nā hale pule a me ke kauhale o Melk.

No ka mea ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka monastery e kahi margrave, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ia mai ka mana o ka diocese o Passau i ka makahiki 1122 a waiho pololei ʻia ma lalo o ka Pope.
A hiki i ke kenekulia 13 Ua ʻike ʻo Melker Stift i kahi moʻomeheu moʻomeheu, noʻonoʻo a me ka hoʻokele waiwai a ua kākau ʻia kahi kula monastery i nā manuscript ma mua o 1160.
Ua pau ke ahi nui i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 13. Monastery, hale pule a me nā hale waho a pau. Ua hoʻoluliluli ʻia ke aʻo monastic a me nā kumu waiwai e ke ahulau a me nā hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO ka hoʻohewa ʻana i ka secularization o nā mōneka a me nā hana hoʻomāinoino e pili ana i nā monasteries ua hopena i kahi hoʻoponopono i hoʻoholo ʻia ma 1414 ma ka ʻaha kūkā o Constance. Ma muli o ka hiʻohiʻona o ka monastery Italia Subiaco, pono e hoʻokumu ʻia nā monasteries Benedictine a pau i nā manaʻo o ka Rule of Benedict. ʻO ke kikowaena o kēia mau hana hou ʻo Melk.
Ua hoʻonoho ʻia ʻo Nikolaus Seyringer, ka mōneka o ka monastery Benedictine Italia ma Subiaco a me ka rector mua o ke Kulanui o Vienna, ma ke ʻano he abbot ma ka hale mōneka Melk e hoʻokō i ka "Melk reform". Ma lalo ona, ua lilo ʻo Melk i kumu hoʻohālike o ka hoʻopaʻi monastic koʻikoʻi a, e pili ana me ke Kulanui o Vienna, kahi kikowaena moʻomeheu i ka kenekulia 15.
ʻElua hapakolu o nā manuscript Melk i ola a hiki i kēia lā mai kēia wā.

Ka wā hoʻoponopono

Ua hui nā aliʻi me ka Lutheranism ma nā ʻAiʻai. Ma ke ʻano he hōʻike o ko lākou kūʻē politika i ko lākou mau mōʻī, ua huli ka hapa nui o nā aliʻi i ka Protestantism. Ua huli ka poʻe mahiʻai a me nā kamaʻāina o ka mākeke i nā manaʻo o ka neʻe Anabaptist. Ua hāʻule nui ka nui o ka poʻe e komo ana i loko o ka hale mōneka. Aia ka mōneka ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hemo ʻana. I ka makahiki 1566, ʻekolu wale nō kāhuna, ʻekolu kahuna pule a me ʻelua mau kaikunāne i waiho ʻia ma ka hale mōneka.

I mea e pale aku ai i ka mana o Lutheran, ua noho ka hale pule ma ia wahi. ʻO Melk ke kikowaena kūloko o ka Counter-Reformation. Ma muli o ke kumu hoʻohālike o nā kula Jesuit papa ʻeono, i ke kenekulia 12. hoʻokumu ʻia,
ʻO ke kula kahiko loa ma Austria, ʻo ka Melker Klosterschule, i hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia. Ma hope o ʻehā mau makahiki ma ke kula Melk, hele nā ​​haumāna i ke Koleke Jesuit ma Vienna no ʻelua makahiki.
I ka makahiki 1700 ua koho ʻia ʻo Berthold Dietmayr i ʻAbbot. ʻO ka pahuhopu o Dietmayr ʻo ia ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻomana, ka politika a me ka ʻuhane o ka monastery me kahi hale hou.
I ka makahiki 1702, ma mua koke o ka hoʻoholo ʻana o Jakob Prandtauer e kūkulu i hale mōneka hou, ua hoʻomoe ʻia ka pōhaku kumu no ka hale pule hou. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka loko e Antonio Peduzzi, ka hana stucco e Johan Pöckh a me ka mea pena ʻo Johann Michael Rottmayr i nā frescos ceiling. Ua pena ʻo Paul Troger i nā frescoes ma ka hale waihona puke a ma ka Hale Marble. ʻO Christian David mai Viena ke kuleana no ka hoʻoulu ʻana. Ua hoʻopau ʻo Joseph Munggenast, ke kaikunāne o Prandtauer, i ka hoʻokele kūkulu hale ma hope o ka make ʻana o Prandtauer.

Melk Abbey hoʻolālā kahua
Melk Abbey hoʻolālā kahua

I ka makahiki 1738, ua hoopau ke ahi i ka hale monastery i ka hale kokoke pau.
ʻO ka hope, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hale pule monastery hou i 8 mau makahiki ma hope. ʻO Kapellmeister Johann Georg Albrechtsberger ma hope o ka hale pule ʻo Viennese Cathedral ma Melk.
He makahiki gula ke kenekulia 18 ma ke ʻano o ka ʻepekema a me ke mele. Eia naʻe, ma muli o kona koʻikoʻi no ka mokuʻāina, ka ʻōnaehana kula a me ka mālama kahu hānai, ʻaʻole i pani ʻia ka monastery ma lalo o Joseph II e like me nā hale mōneka ʻē aʻe.
I ka makahiki 1785, ua hoʻonoho ʻo Emperor Joseph II i ka monastery ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a kahi mokuʻāina ʻo Abbot. Ua kāpae ʻia kēia mau ʻōlelo ma hope o ka make ʻana o Joseph II.
I ka makahiki 1848, ua lilo ka mōneka i kona haku ʻāina, a ua hoʻohana ʻia ke kālā uku kālā i loaʻa mai kēia no ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o ka hale mōneka. He mana nui ko Abbot Karl 1875-1909 i ke ola ma ia wahi. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kindergarten a hāʻawi ka monastery i ka ʻāina i ke kūlanakauhale. Eia kekahi, ma ka hana a Abbot Karl, ua kanu ʻia nā kumulāʻau cider ma nā alanui o ka ʻāina, e ʻike mau ana i ka ʻāina i kēia lā.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 20, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōpala, nā paipu wai hou a me nā kukui uila. No ke kālā ʻana i ka monastery i kūʻai ʻia, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, he Baibala Gutenberg i ke Kulanui ʻo Yale ma 1926.
Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o Austria i ka makahiki 1938, ua pani ʻia ke kula kiʻekiʻe o ka monastery e ka National Socialists a ua kāʻili ʻia ka hapa nui o ka hale monastery no ke kula kiʻekiʻe o ka mokuʻāina. Ua ola ka monastery i ke kaua a me ka manawa ma hope o ka noho ʻana me ka aneane ʻaʻohe pōʻino.
ʻO ka hana hoʻihoʻi ma ka hale komo a me ka pā hale o ka prelate, a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hale waihona puke a me ka Hale Kolomani, pono e hoʻolauleʻa i ka makahiki 900 o ka monastery ma 1989 me kahi hōʻike.

ka peni

ʻO ka paʻakikī, i kūkulu ʻia ma ke ʻano Baroque e Jakob Prandtauer, he 2 mau ʻaoʻao ʻike ʻia. Ma ka hikina, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka ʻaoʻao palatial i ka makahiki 1718, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā bastion ʻelua. ʻO ka bastion hema kahi pā kaua mai 1650, kahi lua bastion ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka puka i kūkulu ʻia no ka symmetry.

Ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka puka ma Melk Abbey
ʻO nā kiʻi ʻelua ma ka hema a me ka ʻākau o ka hale ʻīpuka o Melk Abbey e hōʻike ana iā Saint Leopold a me Saint Koloman.
Melk Abbey hale kiaʻi ma luna o nā hale o Melk
Aia ka ʻēheu marble hall o Melk Abbey ma luna o nā hale o ke kūlanakauhale

Ma ke komohana, ʻike mākou i kahi hana keaka mai ka hale pule a hiki i ka balkona me kahi ʻike mamao ma ke awāwa ʻo Danube a me nā hale o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Melk ma lalo o ka hale mōneka.
Ma waena, nā pā o nā ʻano like ʻole e hahai ana kekahi i kekahi, kahi e pili ana i ka hale pule. Ma ka hele ʻana i ka hale kiaʻi puka, komo ʻoe i ka pā o ke kiaʻi puka, kahi o nā hale kiaʻi ʻelua ʻo Babenberg ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau. He ʻāpana ia o ka pā kahiko.

ʻO ka Benediktihalle, aia ma ka waena o ka axis longitudinal ma ka ʻēheu hikina o Melk Abbey, he hale hāmama, ʻelele, 2-papa hale kūʻai me kahi kumu huinaha.
ʻO ka Hale Benedictine ma waenakonu o ke koʻi longitudinal ma ka ʻēheu hikina o Melk Abbey he hale hāmama, ʻelele, 2-papa hale me kahi kumu huinahā.

Ke hoʻomau nei mākou ma ke ala ākea a aia i kēia manawa i loko o kahi hale ʻoluʻolu ʻelua, ʻo Benediktihalle, me kahi fresco o St. Benedict ma ke kaupaku.

ʻO ke kiʻi o ke kaupaku ma ka Hale Benedictine o Melk Abbey, i hana ʻia e ka mea pena a me ka mea pena Viennese ʻo Franz Rosenstingl ma 1743, e hōʻike ana i ke kahua aniani i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka monastery ma Monte Cassino ma kahi o ka luakini iā ​​Apollo e St. Benedict.
ʻO ke kiʻi pena kiʻi ma ka Hale Benedictine o Melk Abbey e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka monastery ma Monte Cassino e Saint Benedict.

Mai kēia wahi mākou e nānā ai i ka pā hale o ka prelate trapezoidal. Aia ma waenakonu o ka pā hale ka punawai Kolomani a hiki i ka makahiki 1722, ka Abbot Berthold Dietmayr i hāʻawi aku i ke kūlanakauhale mākeke o Melk. Ke kū nei kahi pūnāwai mai ka Waldhausen Abbey i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma kahi o ka pūnāwai Kolomani i waenakonu o ka pā hale pule.
ʻO ka maʻalahi a me ka ʻoluʻolu mālie ke ʻano o ke ʻano facade o nā hale a puni. ʻO nā kiʻi pena Baroque ma nā gables waena e Franz Rosenstingl, e hōʻike ana i nā pono koʻikoʻi ʻehā (ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa, ke akamai, ke koa, ka hoʻopono), ua pani ʻia i ka makahiki 1988 e nā kiʻi kiʻi hou e nā mea pena kiʻi o kēia wā.

Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hale pule ma ka papahele o ka ʻāpana Kaiser o Melk Abbey ma waena o ka Kaiserstiege a me ka hale kiaʻi o ka hale pule he cruciform vault ma nā consoles ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​​​poʻe kia poʻe.
Arcade ma ka papahele o ka Imperial Wing o Melk Abbey

Kaiserstiege, Kaisertrakt a me ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike

Mai ka Prälatenhof hele mākou ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻīpuka ma luna o kahi colonnade a hiki i Kaiserstiege, ke alapiʻi hanohano. Paʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa, wehe ʻia i luna me ka stucco a me nā kiʻi kiʻi.

ʻO ka Kaiserstiege ma Melk Abbey kahi alapiʻi lele ʻekolu me nā paepae i loko o kahi keʻena e piʻi ana ma luna o nā papahele a pau me kahi kaupaku stucco palahalaha ma luna o ka entablature a me nā kia ʻehā me nā kolamu Tuscan i waenakonu. ʻO nā pale pale pōhaku. Hana ka band stucco i nā hōʻike, nā paia alapiʻi a me nā waihona.
ʻO ka Kaiserstiege ma Melk Abbey, kahi alapiʻi lele ʻekolu me nā paepae i loko o kahi keʻena e hoʻonui i ka hohonu o ka ʻēheu me kahi balustrade pōhaku a me kahi kolamu Tuscan i hōʻike ʻia.

Ma ka papahele mua, holo ka 196 m ka lōʻihi o Kaisergang ma kahi kokoke i ka ʻaoʻao hema holoʻokoʻa o ka hale.

ʻO ka Kaisergang ma ka papahele mua o ka ʻēheu hema o Melk Abbey he alahele me kahi pahu keʻa ma luna o nā consoles, e hoʻonui ana i ka lōʻihi o 196 m.
ʻO ka Kaisergang ma ka papahele mua o ka ʻēheu hema o Melk Abbey

Ua kau ʻia nā kiʻi pena kiʻi o nā aliʻi Austrian a pau, ʻo Babenberger a me Habsburg, ma nā paia o ka Kaisergang ma Melk Abbey. Mai kēia wahi mākou e komo ai i nā lumi o ka ʻohana imperial, i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he hale moʻomeheu monastery. ʻO ka "Melker Kreuz", i hāʻawi ʻia e Duke Rudolf IV, kahi hoʻonohonoho waiwai no kekahi o nā relics kiʻekiʻe loa, kahi ʻāpana mai ke keʻa o Kristo, e hōʻike wale ʻia i nā manawa kūikawā.

kolomani monstrance

ʻO kekahi waiwai o ka monastery ʻo ka Kolomani monstrance, me ka iwi lalo o St. Koloman, Dar. I kela makahiki i keia makahiki ma ka la ahaaina o Sana Kolomana, Okatoba 13, ua hoikeia ma kahi anaina hoomanao no ka haipule. A i ʻole, hōʻike ʻia ka monstrance Kolomani ma ka Abbey Museum o Melk Abbey, aia ma nā lumi imperial mua.

Hale Mele

ʻO ka Marble Hall, ʻelua papa ke kiʻekiʻe, pili i ka Imperial Wing ma ke ʻano he ʻahaʻaina a me ka hale ʻaina no nā malihini. Ua hoʻomehana ʻia ke keʻena me ka ea wela ma o ka pahu hao i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka papahele i waenakonu o ke keʻena.

ʻO ke keʻena marble ma Melk Abbey me nā pilasters Corinthian a me ka pena kiʻi kiʻi e Paul Troger. ʻO ke ala i waho o ka pōʻeleʻele i ka mālamalama e hōʻike ʻia i ke kanaka ma o kona naʻauao.
ʻO ke keʻena marble ma Melk Abbey me nā pilasters Corinthian ma lalo o kahi cornice cantilevered. ʻO nā papa puka a me ka hale a me ka paia holoʻokoʻa a me ka hale i hana ʻia i ke kinikini.

ʻO kahi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi nui na Paul Troger ma ke keʻena palahalaha nui i loko o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Melk Abbey he mea kupanaha, a ua kaulana ʻo ia i ka lāhui. ʻO "Triumph of Pallas Athene a me ka lanakila ma luna o nā mana pōʻeleʻele" e hōʻike ana i nā kiʻi e lana ana ma kahi lani ma luna o ka pena kiʻi hoʻohenehene.

ʻO Central i ka lani ʻo Pallas Athena e like me ka lanakila o ka naʻauao akua. Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao nā kiʻi hoʻohālikelike o ka pono a me ka ʻike, ma luna o lākou nā ʻānela me ka uku no ka hana ʻuhane a me ka pono a me Zephirus ʻo ka ʻelele o ka puna, hōʻailona o ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻano pono. Ua pepehi ʻo Hercules i ka ʻīlio o Gehena a hoʻolei i nā ʻano o ka hewa.
ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Melk Abbey na Paul Troger e hōʻike ana iā Pallas Athene i waenakonu o ka lewa ma ke ʻano he lanakila o ka naʻauao Akua. Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao nā kiʻi hoʻohālikelike o Virtue and Sense, ma luna o lākou nā ʻānela me nā uku no ka hana ʻuhane a me ka pono. Ua pepehi ʻo Hercules i ka ʻīlio o Gehena a hoʻolei i nā ʻano o ka hewa.

waihona

Ma hope o ka hale pule, ʻo ka hale waihona puke ka lua o ka lumi nui i loko o kahi monastery Benedictine a no laila ua ola ʻia mai ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka monastery Melk.

ʻO ka hale waihona puke o Melk Abbey me nā papa waihona i hana ʻia me ka lāʻau i hoʻopili ʻia, ka pilaster a me ka hale cornice. Hale Hōʻikeʻike Circumferential me nā lattice maʻemaʻe ma nā consoles velute, ʻo kekahi me Moors ma ke ʻano he atlases. Ma ka axis longitudinal, kahi niche me kahi puka ʻāpana ʻāpana i hana ʻia i ke kinikini ma lalo o ka hale gable me ka putti, ka lole lima a me ka palapala i hoʻopili ʻia e nā kiʻi 2 e hōʻike ana i nā kumu.
Kūkulu ʻia ka waihona o Melk Abbey me nā pilasters a me nā cornices. ʻO nā papa waihona puke he lāʻau i hoʻokomo ʻia. ʻO ka hale kiʻi a puni, kahi i hoʻolako ʻia me nā lattices palupalu, kākoʻo ʻia e nā consoles velute, ʻo kekahi me Moors ma ke ʻano he atlases. Ma ka axis longitudinal aia kahi niche me kahi puka marble arched i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma lalo o kahi hale i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka putti, ka lole lima a me kahi palapala, i hoʻopili ʻia e nā kiʻi 2 i manaʻo ʻia e hōʻike i nā kumu.

Ua māhele ʻia ka Hale Waihona Puke Melk i ʻelua lumi nui. Ma ke keʻena liʻiliʻi ʻelua, he alapiʻi spiral i kūkulu ʻia ma ke ʻano he komo i ka hale kiʻi a puni.

ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi nui a Paul Troger ma ka hale waihona puke Melk Abbey e hōʻike ana i ke akamai o ke Akua ma luna o ke kumu kanaka a hoʻonani i ka manaʻoʻiʻo ma luna o ka ʻepekema. Ma ka waena o ka lani ʻohu, he kiʻi hoʻohālikelike o Sapientia divina i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā ʻano pono 4 cardinal.
ʻO ke kiʻi hoʻokiʻekiʻe nui a Paul Troger i loko o ka hale waihona puke o Melk Abbey e hōʻike ana i ke akamai o ke Akua ma mua o ke kumu o ke kanaka.

ʻO ka fresco o ke kaupaku na Paul Troger i loko o ka nui o nā lumi waihona ʻelua e hana i kahi ʻokoʻa ʻuhane me ka fresco o ke kaupaku ma ka Hale Marble o Melk Abbey. ʻO ka lāʻau ʻeleʻele me ka hana inlay a me ke kala gula-ʻulaʻula like ʻole o nā spines puke e hoʻoholo ai i ka hoʻohiwahiwa a me ka ʻoluʻolu. Aia ma ka papahele o luna he ʻelua lumi heluhelu me nā frescoes na Johann Bergl, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa i ka lehulehu. Aia ka waihona o Melk Abbey ma kahi o 1800 mau palapala mai ka makahiki 9 a me ka huina o 100.000 mau puke.

ʻO ka pūʻulu puka makani ʻo Central Poratal o ke alo komohana o ka Melk Collegiate Church i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā kolamu ʻelua a me ka pā hale me ka pūʻulu kiʻi ʻo Archangel Michael a me Guardian Angel.
ʻO ka pūʻulu puka makani ʻo Central Poratal o ke alo komohana o ka Melk Collegiate Church i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā kolamu ʻelua a me ka pā hale me ka pūʻulu kiʻi ʻo Archangel Michael a me Guardian Angel.

ʻO ka hale pule Collegiate o St. Peter a me St. Paul, hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka makahiki 1746

ʻO ka lae kiʻekiʻe o ka hale mōneka baroque o Melk Abbey ka hale pule kolepa, he hale pule kiʻekiʻe me ka hale kiaʻi pālua i hoʻohālikelike ʻia ma ka hale pule Jesuit Roma ʻo Il Gesu.

Kalaiaina o ka Melk Collegiate Church: ʻEkolu-bay basilica nave me nā lālani hāmama haʻahaʻa, poʻe poʻe o nā hale pule ʻaoʻao me nā haʻiʻōlelo ma waena o nā kia pā. Transept me ka dome kea ikaika. ʻO ka hui mele ʻelua-bay me nā pio palahalaha.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka Lanhgau o ka Melk Collegiate Church ma nā ʻaoʻao a pau e nā pilasters nunui Corinthian a puni nā mea waiwai, offset, pinepine curved entablature.

Komo mākou i loko o kahi keʻena nui me nā hale pule ʻaoʻao a me nā oratorio a me kahi dome pahu pahu 64 mika kiʻekiʻe. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi hapa nui o nā hoʻolālā a me nā manaʻo no kēia hale pule i ka mea hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Italia ʻo Antonio Beduzzi.

ʻO ka pena kiʻi i loko o ka Melk Collegiate Church, e pili ana i nā manaʻo kiʻi o Antonio Beduzzi na Johann Michael Rottmayr, e hōʻike ana i ka huakaʻi lanakila o St. ʻO Benedict i ka lani. Ma ka Ostjoch ka St. Ua lawe ʻia ʻo Benedict i ka lani e nā ʻānela, ma ke kai kūwaena kahi ʻānela i alakaʻi iā St. ʻO Benedict a ma Westjoch e hele ai ʻo St. Benedict i ka nani o ke Akua.
Hōʻike ka pena kiʻi i ka huakaʻi lanakila o St. ʻO Benedict i ka lani. Ma ka Ostjoch ka St. Ua lawe ʻia ʻo Benedict i ka lani e nā ʻānela, ma ke kai kūwaena kahi ʻānela i alakaʻi iā St. ʻO Benedict a ma Westjoch e hele ai ʻo St. Benedict i ka nani o ke Akua.

I loko o ka Melk Collegiate Church, ua wehe ʻia kahi hana kiʻi nani a baroque i mua o mākou. ʻO kahi synergy o ka hoʻolālā, stucco, kālai ʻia, nā hale kuahu a me nā kiʻi kiʻi i hoʻonani ʻia me ka lau gula, stucco a me ke kinikini. ʻO nā frescoes na Johann Michael Rottmayr, nā kuahu o Paul Troger, ka pulpito a me ke kuahu kiʻekiʻe i hoʻolālā ʻia e Giuseppe Galli-Bibiena, nā kiʻi kiʻi i hana ʻia e Lorenzo Mattielli a me nā kiʻi kiʻi a Peter Widerin e hana i ka manaʻo nui o kēia halepule Baroque kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka ʻōkana i loko o ka hale pule kula Melk he ʻāpana he nui, he pahu hoʻohiwahiwa me nā papa pale a me nā pūʻulu o nā kiʻi o nā ʻānela e pāʻani ana i ke mele. ʻO ka parapet positive he ʻelima ʻāpana me nā kiʻi putti hula.
ʻO ka okana i loko o ka Melk Collegiate Church he mau ʻāpana ʻāpana, hoʻopololei i ke kiʻekiʻe, me nā papa pale a me nā pūʻulu kiʻi o nā ʻānela e pāʻani ana i ke mele a me ka balustrade maikaʻi me kahi pahu ʻelima me nā keruba hula.

ʻO ka ʻōkana nui i kūkulu ʻia e ka mea hoʻokena okana Viennese ʻo Gottfried Sonnholz, ʻo ke ʻano o waho wale nō o ke kino mai ka manawa i kūkulu ʻia ai i ka makahiki 1731/32 i mālama ʻia. Ua haʻalele ʻia ka hana maoli i ka makahiki 1929 i ka wā o ka hoʻololi ʻana. Ua kūkulu ʻia ke kino o kēia lā e Gregor-Hradetzky i ka makahiki 1970.

Kahi māla

ʻO ka māla, i waiho ʻia i ka makahiki 1740 ma muli o kahi manaʻo e Franz Rosenstingl e pili ana iā Melk Abbey, aia ma ka ʻākau hikina o ka hale monastery ma kahi pā mua i wehe ʻia a me kahi moat i hoʻopiha ʻia. ʻO ka nui o ka māla e like me ka lōʻihi o ka hale monastery. I ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka abbey complex ma luna o ka māla, ʻo ke kūlana o ke kukui e pili ana i ke kīʻaha punawai. ʻO ke komo ʻana i ka papahele ʻākau-hema mai ka hema. ʻO ka parterre he kīʻaha wai puna baroque i waenakonu o ke koʻi longitudinal o ka māla a me ka pā hale ma ke ʻano ʻākau o ka parterre.
ʻO ka māla, i waiho ʻia i ka makahiki 1740 e like me ka manaʻo e Franz Rosenstingl e pili ana iā Melk Abbey, e pili ana i ka projection o ka abbey complex ma luna o ka māla a me ke kūlana o ke kukui i ka punawai puna.

ʻO ka pā hale baroque abbey me ka nānā ʻana i ka pā hale baroque ma ka papahele i hoʻolālā mua ʻia me ka pua baroque, nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā mea hoʻonani ʻiliʻili, mai ka manaʻo māla "paradaiso" o ka wā baroque i ka manawa i hana ʻia ai. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka māla ma kahi manaʻo philosophical-theological, ka helu kapu 3. Hoʻonoho ʻia ka paka ma 3 mau ʻāina me kahi kīʻaha wai, ka wai i hōʻailona o ke ola, ma ka ʻaoʻao 3rd. ʻO ke kīʻaha punawai baroque curved ma ka papahele, ma ka waena o ka axis longitudinal o ka māla a me ka pā hale kīhāpai, e pili ana i ke kukui ma luna o ke kīʻaha hale pule, kahi o St. ʻO ka ʻuhane, ke kolu o ke kanaka akua, ua hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka manu nūnū i hōʻailona o ke ola.

I loko o ke kīʻaha wai rectangular i hoʻopuni ʻia e ka lālani lāʻau ma ka 3rd terrace o ka Melker Stiftsgarten, ua hana ʻo Christian Philipp Müller i kahi hoʻonohonoho ma ke ʻano o kahi mokupuni me nā mea kanu mai ka "New World" i kapa ʻia ʻo "The New World, a kind of. locus amoenus". haku ʻia.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻo Christian Philipp Müller i kahi hoʻonohonoho ma ke ʻano o kahi mokupuni me nā mea kanu mai ka "New World" i loko o ka ʻauʻau rectangular ma ke kolu o ka pā o ka māla monastery, i kapa ʻia ʻo "The New World, a species of locus amoenus".

Ma hope o ka makahiki 1800 ua hoʻolālā ʻia kahi paka ʻāina Pelekane. Ua ulu nui ka paka a hiki i ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ʻana o ka paka monastery i ka makahiki 1995. ʻO ka "Temple of Honor", he neo-baroque, ʻewalu ʻaoʻao hamama kolamu me ka mansard hood ma ka ʻaoʻao 3 o ka pā monastery, a ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia kahi pūnāwai, e like me ka ʻōnaehana ala kahiko. Ua kanu ʻia kahi ala o nā kumulāʻau linden, ʻo kekahi o lākou ma kahi o 250 mau makahiki, ma kahi kiʻekiʻe loa o ka paka abbey. Hoʻohui ʻia ka pāka i kēia manawa nā leo o nā kiʻi o kēia wā.

Ma hope o ka pavilion māla aia kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo "Cabinet Clairvoyée" me ka nānā ʻana i ka Danube ma lalo. ʻO ka clairvoyée he mea hao hao i kau ʻia ma ka hope o ke alahele a i ʻole ke ala, e ʻae ana i ka ʻike o ka ʻāina ma waho.
Ma hope o ka pavilion māla aia kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo "Cabinet Clairvoyée" me ka nānā ʻana i ka Danube ma lalo.

ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka "Benedictus-Weg" ʻo ia ke kumumanaʻo "Benedictus the blessed" ma kāna ʻike. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka māla paradaiso e like me nā hiʻohiʻona kahiko mai nā māla monastery, me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea kanu kala ikaika a ʻala.

ʻO ka "paradise garden" ma ka ʻaoʻao hema-hikina o ka Melker Stiftspark he wahi māla nani o Mediterranean i hoʻolako ʻia me nā mea o kahi māla paradaiso hōʻailona. Ke alakaʻi ʻia nei kahi ʻano ʻano o ka tunnel i ka "Place in Paradise", e hoʻomau i ke ala i ka pae haʻahaʻa - ka Jardin Méditerranéen.
ʻO ka "paradise garden" ma ka ʻaoʻao hema hikina o ka Melker Stiftspark he māla kūwaho, Mediterranean, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hōʻea i ka "wahi i loko o ka paradaiso" ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka tunnel.

Aia ma lalo iho kahi "Jardin méditerranée" kahi māla nani o Mediterranean. Ua kanu ʻia nā mea kanu Baibala e like me nā lāʻau fiku, nā kumu waina, ka lāʻau pāma a me ka ʻāpala ma ke ala.

Pavilion māla

ʻO ka pā hale baroque ma ka papahele o ka abbey park he mea nānā maka.

ʻO ka pā kīhāpai, hoʻokiʻekiʻe iki ʻia ma ke kikowaena o ke koʻikoʻi waena o ka parterre me ka axis longitudinal ʻākau o ka māla, ua hoʻopau ʻia i ka makahiki 1748 e Franz Munggenast ma muli o kahi hoʻolālā a Franz Rosentsingl.
ʻO ka lele ʻana o nā alapiʻi e alakaʻi aku ai i ka puka poʻo poʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka pā kīhāpai me nā kolamu ʻelua Ionic i hōʻike ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua ma lalo o kahi gable, convex segmental arched gable me kahi pale lima kiʻi manuahi.

I ka makahiki 1747/48, ua kūkulu ʻo Franz Munggenast i ka pā hale no nā kāhuna i wahi e hoʻomaha ai ma hope o nā wā koʻikoʻi o ka Lent. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i kēlā manawa, e like me ke kahe koko a me nā lāʻau detoxification like ʻole, pono e hoʻoikaika ʻia ma hope. Ua māhele ʻia nā mōneka i ʻelua pūʻulu, hoʻomau kekahi i ke ola monastic maʻamau a ʻae ʻia kekahi e hoʻomaha.

Na Johann Baptist Wenzel Bergl nā pena kiʻi pā a me ke kaupaku i loko o ka pā kīhāpai o Melk Abbey, he haumāna ʻo Paul Troger a he hoaaloha ʻo Franz Anton Maulbertsch. Aia i loko o ka hale nui o ka pā kīhāpai he pūʻulu o nā kiʻi me kahi hōʻike keaka o nā ʻāina 4 i ʻike ʻia i ka kenekulia 18.
ʻO ʻAmelika me nā India a me nā ʻeleʻele a me kahi moku holo moku a me nā Spaniards e hoʻololi i nā waiwai, i hōʻike ʻia e Johann Baptist Wenzel Bergl ma kahi kiʻi kiʻi i loko o ka pā kīhāpai o Melk Abbey.

ʻO nā kiʻi pena a Johann W. Bergl, ka haumāna a Paul Troger a me ka hoaaloha o Franz Anton Maulbertsch, e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano baroque noʻonoʻo i ke ola, pena ʻia nā kūlana paradisiacal, e like me ka ʻokoʻa i ka asceticism o ke ola monastic. ʻO ke kumumanaʻo o nā frescoes ma luna o nā puka makani a me nā puka i loko o ka hale nui o ka pavilion ka honua o ka naʻau. Hoʻohālikelike ʻo Putti i nā manaʻo ʻelima, no ka laʻana, ʻo ke ʻano o ka ʻono, ka manaʻo nui loa, ua hōʻike ʻia ʻelua, e like me ka inu ʻana ma ka hema a me ka ʻai ʻana ma ka ʻākau.
Hoʻomaka ka lā i waenakonu o ka fresco o ke kaupaku, ka vault o ka lani, a ma luna aʻe e ʻike mākou i kahi arc o ka zodiac me nā hōʻailona mahina o nā kau puna, ke kauwela a me ka hāʻule.

Aia i loko o ka hale nui o ka pā māla o Melk Abbey kahi attic i pena ʻia ma luna o ka entablature me nā pūʻulu o nā kiʻi ma luna o ia mea, e hōʻike ana i nā ʻāina ʻo 4 i ʻike ʻia i ka kenekulia 18.
Aia i loko o ka hale nui o ka pā māla o Melk Abbey kahi attic i pena ʻia ma luna o ka entablature me nā pūʻulu o nā kiʻi ma luna o ia mea, e hōʻike ana i nā ʻāina ʻo 4 i ʻike ʻia i ka kenekulia 18.

Ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka fresco o ke kaupaku ma ka attic i pena ʻia, ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻāina ʻehā i ʻike ʻia i kēlā manawa: ʻEulopa ma ka ʻākau, Asia ma ka hikina, ʻApelika ma ka hema a me ʻAmelika ma ke komohana. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona exotic ma nā lumi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ʻAmelika ma ka lumi hikina. ʻO nā kiʻi o nā ʻānela e pāʻani ana i nā kāleka a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻānela me nā kiʻi biliard e hōʻike ana ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia lumi ma ke ʻano he hale piliwaiwai.
I nā mahina kauwela, hoʻohana ʻia ke keʻena nui o ka pā kīhāpai ma Melk Abbey ma ke ʻano he kahua no nā ʻaha mele ma ka International Baroque Days ma Pentecost a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻaha mele kauwela ma ʻAukake.

ʻO ka pūnāwai kahe i loko o ka Māla ʻAlani o Melk Abbey ma mua o ka hale ʻaina Abbey
He pōʻai lāʻau i ʻoki ʻia nā lau a lilo i apo e like me ke kīʻaha wai.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Melk Abbey a me kāna paka i kahi hui like ʻole ma o ka launa pū ʻana o ka pae ʻuhane a me ke ʻano.

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