Melk Abbey

Melk Abbey
Melk Abbey

akụkọ ihe mere eme

Nnukwu ugwu Benedictine Abbey nke Melk, nke a na-ahụ anya site n'ebe dị anya, na-enwu odo na-egbuke egbuke n'elu ugwu dị elu nke na-agbada n'ebe ugwu chere Osimiri Melk na Danube. Dị ka otu n'ime ndị kasị mara mma na kasị ibu n'otu baroque ensembles na Europe, ọ bụ UNESCO World Heritage Site.

831 akpọrọ ebe ahụ dị ka Medilica (= oke osimiri) ma bụrụ ihe dị mkpa dị ka omenala ndị eze na mpaghara nnukwu ụlọ.
Na ọkara nke abụọ nke narị afọ nke 10, Emperor kpuchiri Leopold I nke Babenberg na warara dị warara n'akụkụ Danube, ya na nnukwu ụlọ, ebe obibi siri ike, n'etiti.
Ihe odide dị n'ọbá akwụkwọ Abbey nke Melk na-ezo aka na obodo ndị ụkọchukwu nọ n'okpuru Margrave Leopold I. Site na ndọtị nke ọchịchị n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ ruo Tulln, Klosterneuburg na Vienna, Melker Burg tụfuru mkpa ya. Mana Melk jere ozi dị ka ebe ili ozu maka Babenbergs na dịka ebe olili St. Koloman, onye mbido mbụ nke obodo ahụ.
Margrave Leopold II nwere ebe obibi ndị mọnk wuru n'elu nkume dị n'elu obodo ahụ, nke ndị mọnk Benedictine sitere na Lambach Abbey kwagara na 1089. Leopold III zigara Benedictines ebe e wusiri ike Babenberg, yana ala na parish na obodo Melk.

Ebe ọ bụ na e hiwere ebe obibi ndị mọnk ahụ site na margrave, ewepụrụ ya na ikike nke diocese nke Passau na 1122 wee debe ya ozugbo n'okpuru Pope.
Ruo na narị afọ nke 13 Melker Stift nwetara nkwalite ọdịbendị, ọgụgụ isi na akụ na ụba yana edekọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ebe obibi ndị mọnk n'ihe odide ka n'afọ 1160.
Otu nnukwu ọkụ bibiri njedebe nke narị afọ nke 13. Ebe obibi ndị mọnk, chọọchị na ihe niile outbuildings. Ihe otiti na ajọ owuwe ihe ubi mere ka ịdọ aka ná ntị ndị mọnk na ntọala akụ̀ na ụba maa jijiji. Nkatọ nke ịgha ụgha nke ndị mọnk na mmegbu ndị metụtara ya na ebe obibi ndị mọnk mere ka mgbanwe gbanwee na 1414 na Council of Constance. N'ịgbaso ihe atụ nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk Ịtali Subiaco, ebe obibi ndị mọnk Benedictine niile kwesịrị ịdabere n'echiche nke Iwu Benedict. Ebe etiti mmeghari ohuru ndị a bụ Melk.
Nikolaus Seyringer, abbot nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk Italian Benedictine dị na Subiaco na onye bụbu onye isi oche nke Mahadum Vienna, etinyere ya dị ka abbot na ebe obibi ndị mọnk Melk iji mejuputa "Melk reform". N'okpuru ya, Melk ghọrọ ihe atụ nke ịdọ aka ná ntị ndị mọnk na, na njikọ na Mahadum Vienna, ebe omenala na narị afọ nke 15.
Ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ihe odide Melk dịgidere ruo taa sitere n'oge a.

Oge mgbanwe

Ndị isi batara na Lutheranism na nri nri. Dịkwa ka ngosipụta nke nguzogide ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ha megide ndị ọchịchị ha, ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a ma ama ghọrọ ndị Protestant. Ndị ọrụ ugbo na ndị bi n'ahịa ahụ na-atụgharị n'echiche nke mmegharị Anabaptist. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-abanye n'ụlọ obibi ndị mọnk dara nke ukwuu. Ebe obibi ndị mọnk ahụ nọ na njedebe nke mbibi. N’afọ 1566, e nwere naanị ndị ụkọchukwu atọ, ndị ụkọchukwu atọ na ụmụnna ndị nwoke abụọ fọdụrụ n’ebe obibi ndị mọnk ahụ.

Iji gbochie mmetụta Lutheran, ndị parish dị n'ógbè ahụ nọ n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk ahụ. Melk bụ mpaghara mpaghara nke Counter-Reformation. Dabere na ihe nlereanya nke ụlọ akwụkwọ Jesuit isii, na narị afọ nke 12. tọrọ ntọala,
ụlọ akwụkwọ kacha ochie na Austria, Melker Klosterschule, hazigharịrị. Mgbe afọ anọ gachara na Melk School, ụmụ akwụkwọ ahụ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Jesuit dị na Vienna afọ abụọ.
Na 1700 Berthold Dietmayr ka a họpụtara abbot. Ebumnuche Dietmayr bụ iji wuo ụlọ ọhụrụ mesie mkpa okpukperechi, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke mmụọ nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk ahụ.
N'afọ 1702, obere oge tupu Jakob Prandtauer kpebie iwu ụlọ obibi ndị mọnk ọhụrụ, a tọrọ ntọala maka ụka ọhụrụ ahụ. Ọ bụ Antonio Peduzzi mere ime ime ahụ, ọrụ stucco nke Johan Pöckh na onye na-ese ihe bụ Johann Michael Rottmayr na frescos n'uko. Paul Troger na-ese frescoes n'ọbá akwụkwọ na n'Ụlọ Nzukọ Marble. Onye Kraịst David nke Vienna bụ onye na-ahụ maka ihe mkpuchi ahụ. Joseph Munggenast, nwa nwanne Prandtauer, mechachara njikwa ihe owuwu ahụ mgbe Prandtauer nwụsịrị.

Atụmatụ saịtị Melk Abbey
Atụmatụ saịtị Melk Abbey

N'afọ 1738, ọkụ n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk ahụ bibiri ụlọ ahụ ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ rụchaa ya.
N'ikpeazụ, e hiwere ụlọ ụka mọnk ọhụrụ ahụ afọ 8 ka e mesịrị. Onye na-ahụ maka ebe obibi ndị mọnk na Melk bụ Katidral Viennese Kapellmeister Johann Georg Albrechtsberger mechara.
Narị afọ nke 18 bụ oge ọla edo n'ihe gbasara sayensị na egwu. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi mkpa ọ dị maka steeti, usoro ụlọ akwụkwọ na nlekọta ọzụzụ atụrụ, emechighị ebe obibi ndị mọnk n'okpuru Joseph II dị ka ọtụtụ ebe obibi ndị mọnk ndị ọzọ.
N'afọ 1785, Emperor Joseph II debere ebe obibi ndị mọnk n'okpuru nduzi nke ọchịagha steeti Abbot. Ndokwa ndị a kagburu mgbe ọnwụ Joseph nke Abụọ gasịrị.
N'afọ 1848, ebe obibi ndị mọnk ahụ tụfuru ịbụ onye nwe ya, a na-ejikwa ego akwụ ụgwọ ego enwetara na nke a maka mmezigharị n'ozuzu nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk ahụ. Abbot Karl 1875-1909 nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ndụ na mpaghara ahụ. E guzobere ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara na ebe obibi ndị mọnk nyere obodo ahụ ala. Ọzọkwa, n'ebumnobi Abbot Karl, a kụrụ osisi cider n'akụkụ okporo ụzọ obodo, bụ́ nke ka na-akọwa ọdịdị ala taa.
Ná mmalite nke narị afọ nke 20, a na-etinye ọwa mmiri, ọkpọkọ mmiri ọhụrụ na ọkụ eletrik. Iji kwụọ ụgwọ ebe obibi ndị mọnk ahụ, n'etiti ihe ndị ọzọ, Gutenberg Bible na Mahadum Yale na 1926.
Mgbe agbakwunyere Austria na 1938, ndị National Socialists mechiri ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe obibi ndị mọnk ma weghaara akụkụ ka ukwuu nke ụlọ ebe obibi ndị mọnk maka ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị steeti. Ebe obibi ndị mọnk lanarịrị agha na ụdi oge nke ọrụ na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ dịghị mmebi.
Ọrụ mweghachi na ọnụ ụzọ mbata na ogige prelate, yana nyocha nhazi n'ọbá akwụkwọ na Ụlọ Nzukọ Kolomani, dị mkpa iji mee ememe ncheta afọ 900 nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk na 1989 na ihe ngosi.

mkpịsị akwụkwọ ahụ

Ihe mgbagwoju anya, nke Jakob Prandtauer wuru n'otu n'otu na ụdị Baroque, nwere akụkụ abụọ a na-ahụ anya. N'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, ọnụ ụzọ palatial dị warara nke nwere ọnụ ụzọ ahụ emechara na 2, nke nwere ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri abụọ gbara ya gburugburu. Ebe ndịda bụ ebe e wusiri ike site na 1718, e wuru bastion nke abụọ n'akụkụ aka nri nke ọnụ ụzọ mbata maka ihe ngosi.

Ọnụ ụzọ ámá na Melk Abbey
Ihe oyiyi abụọ ahụ dị n'aka ekpe na aka nri nke ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke Melk Abbey na-anọchi anya Saint Leopold na Saint Koloman.
Melk Abbey ụlọ elu n'elu ụlọ nke Melk
Nku ụlọ nzukọ marble nke Melk Abbey ụlọ elu dị n'elu ụlọ obodo ahụ

N'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ anyị na-ahụ ihe nkiri ihe nkiri site na facade nke ụka ruo na mbara ihu nke nwere anya dị anya na ndagwurugwu Danube na ụlọ nke obodo Melk n'okpuru ebe obibi ndị mọnk.
N'etiti, ogige nke akụkụ dị iche iche na-eso ibe ya, nke na-eche ihu n'ụka. Ịgafe ụlọ ọnụ ụzọ ámá ị na-abanye n'ogige onye nche ọnụ ụzọ, nke otu n'ime ụlọ elu Babenberg abụọ dị n'akụkụ aka nri. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke ihe nchebe ochie.

The Benediktihalle, nke dị n'etiti ogologo axis na nku ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Melk Abbey, bụ mepere emepe, nnọchiteanya, 2-oke ụlọ ngafe Ụlọ Nzukọ na a square ntọala.
Ụlọ Nzukọ Benedictine dị n'etiti axis longitudinal dị na nku ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Melk Abbey bụ oghere mepere emepe, onye nnọchite anya, ụlọ ngafe nwere ọnụ ụlọ 2 nwere oghere nwere oghere.

Anyị na-aga n'ihu n'okporo ụzọ archway ma ugbu a nọ n'ụlọ ezumezu nke nwere okpukpu abụọ, Benediktihalle, nke nwere fresco nke St. Benedict na uko ụlọ.

The n'uko eserese na Benedictine Ụlọ Nzukọ Melk Abbey, nke e kere Viennese architect na onye na-ese ihe Franz Rosenstingl na 1743, na-egosi na mirror ubi na-ewu nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk na Monte Cassino kama a temple Apollo site St. Benedict.
Eserese elu ụlọ dị na Benedictine Hall nke Melk Abbey na-egosi nguzobe ebe obibi ndị mọnk na Monte Cassino site n'aka Saint Benedict.

Site n'ebe a, anyị na-eleba anya na ogige trapezoidal prelate. N'etiti ogige ahụ ka edoro isi iyi Kolomani ruo 1722, nke Abbot Berthold Dietmayr nyere obodo ahịa Melk. Isi iyi sitere na Waldhausen Abbey gbazere ugbu a guzoro n'ọnọdụ isi iyi Kolomani n'etiti ụlọikpe prelate.
Ịdị mfe na nkwekọ dị jụụ na-akọwapụta usoro facade nke ụlọ ndị gbara ya gburugburu. Ihe osise Baroque na Central gables site n'aka Franz Rosenstingl, na-egosipụta àgwà ọma anọ nke Kadinal (imeru ihe n'ókè, amamihe, obi ike, ikpe ziri ezi), na 1988 site na ihe ngosi nke oge a site n'aka ndị na-ese ihe n'oge a.

N'ime ụlọ ụka dị n'akụkụ ala nke Kaiser traktị nke Melk Abbey n'etiti Kaiserstiege na facade ụlọ elu nke ụka ahụ, e nwere oghere cruciform na consoles siri ike ma ọ bụ ogige ogidi gbara okirikiri.
Arcade na ala ala nke Imperial Wing nke Melk Abbey

Kaiserstiege, Kaisertrakt na ihe ngosi nka

Site na Prälatenhof anyị na-aga n'akụkụ aka ekpe n'azụ site n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá n'elu a colonnade na Kaiserstiege, steepụ mara mma. N'ịbụ nke dị n'akụkụ ala, ọ na-apụta na stucco na ihe ọkpụkpụ.

Kaiserstiege dị na Melk Abbey bụ steepụ ụgbọ elu atọ nwere ikpo okwu n'ime ụlọ ezumezu na-erute n'ala niile nke nwere akwa stucco dị larịị n'elu entablature na ogidi anọ nwere ogidi Tuscan n'etiti. Nkume balustrade rails. Band stucco na-arụ ọrụ na mkpughe, mgbidi steepụ na vaults.
The Kaiserstiege dị na Melk Abbey, steepụ ụgbọ elu atọ nwere ikpo okwu n'ime ọnụ ụlọ nke gbatịrị omimi nku ahụ nke nwere nnukwu balustrade na kọlụm Tuscan pụtara.

N'elu ala mbụ, Kaisergang ogologo 196 m na-agafe ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ ndịda dum nke ụlọ ahụ.

Kaisergang nke dị n'ala mbụ nke nku ndịda Melk Abbey bụ okporo ụzọ nwere oghere obe na consoles, nke gbatịrị n'ogologo 196 m.
Kaisergang dị n'ala mbụ nke nku ndịda Melk Abbey

Eserese eserese nke ndị ọchịchị Austria niile, Babenberger na Habsburg, ka edobere na mgbidi Kaisergang dị na Melk Abbey. Site n'ebe a, anyị na-abanye n'ime ụlọ nke ndị eze ukwu, nke a na-eji dị ka ebe ngosi nka ebe obibi ndị mọnk. "Melker Kreuz", nke Duke Rudolf IV nyere, ntọala bara uru maka otu n'ime ihe ndị kachasị elu, ihe dị n'obe nke Kraịst, na-egosipụta naanị n'oge pụrụ iche.

colomani monstrance

Ihe ọzọ dị oké ọnụ ahịa nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk bụ Kolomani monstrance, nke nwere agba dị ala nke St. Koloman, Dar. Kwa afọ n’ụbọchị oriri nke Saint Koloman, Ọktoba 13, a na-egosi ya na ọrụ ncheta nke onye-nsọ. Ma ọ bụghị ya, a na-egosipụta monstrance Kolomani na Abbey Museum of Melk Abbey, nke dị n'ime ụlọ ndị eze ochie.

Ụlọ Marble

Ụlọ Marble, nke dị okpukpu abụọ dị elu, jikọtara na Imperial Wing dị ka oriri na ebe iri nri maka ndị ọbịa ụwa. E were ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ mee ụlọ nzukọ ahụ ọkụ site n'ígwè a kpụrụ akpụ nke dị n'ala dị n'etiti ụlọ nzukọ ahụ.

Ụlọ Nzukọ Marble dị na Melk Abbey nwere ndị na-agba ndị Kọrịnt na ihe osise elu nke Paul Troger. A na-egosi mmadụ ụzọ isi pụọ n'ọchịchịrị banye n'ìhè site na ọgụgụ isi ya.
Ụlọ Nzukọ Marble dị na Melk Abbey ya na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri nke Kọrint n'okpuru cornice nwere cantilever. A na-eji mabụ mee okpokolo agba na elu ụlọ yana mgbidi na ihe owuwu ahụ dum.

Eserese dị egwu nke Paul Troger n'elu ụlọ dị larịị nke nwere nnukwu oghere na Marble Hall nke Melk Abbey dị egwu, bụ nke o nwetara aha obodo. "Mmeri nke Pallas Athene na mmeri n'ọchịchị ọchịchịrị" na-egosi ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-ese n'elu mmiri na mpaghara eluigwe n'elu ihe owuwu ihe owuwu.

Central na mbara igwe Pallas Athena dị ka mmeri nke amamihe Chineke. N'akụkụ bụ ihe atụ nke omume ọma na nghọta, n'elu ha ndị mmụọ ozi nwere ụgwọ ọrụ maka ime mmụọ na omume na Zephirus dị ka onye ozi nke mmiri, ihe nnọchianya nke ọganihu nke àgwà ọma. Hercules na-egbu anụ ọkụ mmụọ ma tufuo ụdị omume ọjọọ.
Ihe osise n'uko ụlọ dị na Marble Hall of Melk Abbey nke Paul Troger na-egosi Pallas Athene n'etiti mbara igwe dịka mmeri nke amamihe Chineke. N'akụkụ bụ ihe atụ nke omume ọma na Sense, n'elu ha ndị mmụọ ozi nwere ụgwọ ọrụ maka ime mmụọ na omume. Hercules na-egbu anụ ọkụ mmụọ ma tufuo ụdị omume ọjọọ.

ọbá akwụkwọ

Mgbe ụka gasịrị, ọbá akwụkwọ ahụ bụ ọnụ ụlọ nke abụọ kachasị mkpa na ebe obibi ndị mọnk Benedictine, ya mere ọ dị adị kemgbe e guzobere ebe obibi ndị mọnk Melk.

Ọbá akwụkwọ Melk Abbey nwere shelf ọbá akwụkwọ ejiri osisi arụrụ arụ, pilaster na cornice. Ihe ngosi okirikiri nwere ọrụ lattice siri ike na consoles velute, ụfọdụ nwere Moors dị ka atlases. N'ime axis ogologo oge, niche nwere oghere nwere akụkụ nwere akụkụ nke nwere mabul n'okpuru ụlọ gable nwere putti, uwe aka na ihe odide nke ihe oyiyi 2 na-anọchi anya ikike.
A haziri ọbá akwụkwọ Melk Abbey nwere pilasters na cornices. Shellọ ọbá akwụkwọ ahụ nwere nkụ n'osisi. Ebe ngosi ihe nkiri gbara ya gburugburu, nke enyere lattices ndị siri ike, bụ ihe nkasi obi velute na-akwado, ụfọdụ nwere Moors dị ka atlases. N'ime axis longitudinal, enwere niche nwere oghere marble nke nwere akụkụ nke nwere akụkụ nke nwere oghere nke nwere putti, uwe aka na ihe odide, nke ihe oyiyi 2 chere na ọ ga-anọchi anya ikike ikike.

E kewara ọbá akwụkwọ Melk ka ọ bụrụ ọnụ ụlọ abụọ bụ́ isi. N'ime ọnụ ụlọ nke abụọ dị ntakịrị, steepụ gburugburu gburugburu na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ịnweta gallery gbara ya gburugburu.

Ihe osise dị egwu nke Paul Troger n'ọbá akwụkwọ Melk Abbey na-anọchite anya amamihe Chineke n'echiche mmadụ ma na-eto okwukwe n'elu sayensị. N'etiti na mbara igwe ojii, ihe atụ nke Sapientia divina nke àgwà ọma anọ nke kadinal gbara ya gburugburu.
Ihe osise dị egwu nke Paul Troger n'ọbá akwụkwọ Melk Abbey na-anọchi anya amamihe Chineke megide echiche mmadụ.

fresco n'uko nke Paul Troger n'ime nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ abụọ ahụ na-emepụta ọdịiche ime mmụọ na fresco elu ụlọ na Marble Hall of Melk Abbey. Osisi gbara ọchịchịrị nwere ọrụ inlay yana n'otu n'otu, agba ọla edo na agba aja aja nke akwụkwọ spines na-ekpebi ọmarịcha ahụmihe gbasara oghere dị n'otu. N'elu ala, e nwere ọnụ ụlọ ịgụ akwụkwọ abụọ nwere frescoes nke Johann Bergl, nke ọha na eze na-agaghị enweta. Ọbá akwụkwọ nke Melk Abbey nwere ihe odide 1800 kemgbe narị afọ nke itoolu yana ngụkọta nke akwụkwọ mpịakọta 9.

Otu windo Central Poratal nke ọdịda anyanwụ facade nke Melk Collegiate Church nke nwere ogidi abụọ na mbara ihu nwere otu ihe oyiyi onyeisi ndị mmụọ ozi Michael na Guardian Angel.
Otu windo Central Poratal nke ọdịda anyanwụ facade nke Melk Collegiate Church nke nwere ogidi abụọ na mbara ihu nwere otu ihe oyiyi onyeisi ndị mmụọ ozi Michael na Guardian Angel.

Collegiate Church nke St. Peter na St. Paul, nke a raara nye na 1746

Ebe dị elu nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk Baroque nke Melk Abbey bụ ụlọ ụka kọleji, ụlọ ụka dị elu nke nwere facade nwere ụlọ elu nwere okpukpu abụọ nke emere na ụlọ ụka Roman Jesuit Il Gesu.

Ime ụlọ ụka Melk Collegiate: Ụgbọ mmiri basilica nke atọ nwere ahịrị dị ala, nke nwere okirikiri mepere emepe nke ụlọ ekpere n'akụkụ nwere ọnụ okwu n'etiti ogidi mgbidi. Transept nwere nnukwu ngafe dome. Abụọ-bay na ukwe nwere oghere oghere.
A haziri Lanhgau nke Ụka Melk Collegiate n'otu n'otu n'akụkụ niile site n'aka nnukwu ndị pilasters ndị Kọrịnt na ndị ọgaranya gbara ya gburugburu, nkwụghachi ụgwọ, na-agbagọ agbagọ.

Anyị na-abanye n'otu nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ nke nwere gbọmgbọm nwere ụlọ ekpere dị n'akụkụ na oratorios na nnukwu ụgbọ mmiri dị mita 64. Enwere ike ịchọta akụkụ buru ibu nke atụmatụ na aro maka ime ụlọ ụka a na onye na-ese ihe nkiri Italy bụ Antonio Beduzzi.

Eserese elu ụlọ dị na Melk Collegiate Church, dabere na echiche nke Antonio Beduzzi nke Johann Michael Rottmayr, na-egosi ngagharị mmeri nke St. Benedict dị na mbara igwe Na Ostjoch St. Ndị mụọ-ozi buuru Benedict gaa eluigwe, n’etiti ọnụ mmiri otu mmụọ ozi na-edu St. Benedict na na Westjoch na-aga St. Benedict banye n'ebube nke Chineke.
Eserese elu ụlọ na-egosi usoro mmeri nke St. Benedict dị na mbara igwe Na Ostjoch St. Ndị mụọ-ozi buuru Benedict gaa eluigwe, n’etiti ọnụ mmiri otu mmụọ ozi na-edu St. Benedict na na Westjoch na-aga St. Benedict banye n'ebube nke Chineke.

N'ime Ụka Melk Collegiate, ọmarịcha ọrụ nka na-emepe n'ihu anyị. Mmekọrịta nke ihe owuwu ụlọ, stucco, ihe osise, ihe owuwu ebe ịchụàjà na mgbidi e ji akwụkwọ ọla edo, stucco na marble chọọ mma. Ihe frescoes nke Johann Michael Rottmayr, ebe ịchụàjà nke Paul Troger, pulpit na ebe ịchụàjà dị elu nke Giuseppe Galli-Bibiena mere, ihe ọkpụkpụ nke Lorenzo Mattielli mere na ihe ọkpụkpụ nke Peter Widerin na-emepụta echiche dị egwu n'ozuzu nke ụka Baroque a dị elu.

Akụkụ ahụ dị na ụlọ ụka Melk collegiate nwere akụkụ dị iche iche, nke nwere igbe mkpuchi mkpuchi na otu ndị mmụọ ozi na-akpọ egwu. The parapet nti bụ akụkụ ise nwere ihe osise putti ịgba egwu.
Akụkụ ahụ dị na Melk Collegiate Church nwere igbe nwere akụkụ dị iche iche, gbagoro n'ogo dị elu, nke nwere mbadamba mkpuchi na otu ndị mmụọ ozi na-egwu egwu na balustrade dị mma nke nwere obere akụkụ ise nwere cherọb ịgba egwu.

N'ime nnukwu akụkụ ahụ nke onye na-ewu akụkụ ahụ Viennese Gottfried Sonnholz wuru, ọ bụ naanị ọdịdị dị n'èzí nke akụkụ ahụ site na mgbe e wuru ya na 1731/32 ka echekwara ya. A hapụrụ ọrụ ahụ n'ezie na 1929 n'oge ntụgharị. Gregor-Hradetzky rụrụ akụkụ ahụ nke taa na 1970.

Mpaghara ubi

Ogige ahụ, nke e debere na 1740 dabere n'echiche nke Franz Rosenstingl metụtara Melk Abbey, dị n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ụlọ ebe obibi ndị mọnk na mgbidi mbụ nke e wepụrụ na ala nke jupụtara na ya. Ogo nke ogige ahụ kwekọrọ na ogologo nke ogige ebe obibi ndị mọnk. Mgbe ị na-atụba ogige abbey n'ime ogige ahụ, ọnọdụ nke oriọna ahụ dabara na mmiri mmiri. Ịbanye n'ala ugwu-ndịda sitere na ndịda. The parterre nwere a baroque curved isi iyi basin n'etiti longitudinal axis nke ubi na ubi pavilion dị ka ugwu nsọtụ nke parterre.
Ogige ahụ, nke e debere na 1740 dị ka echiche Franz Rosenstingl metụtara Melk Abbey si dị, kwekọrọ na ntule nke ogige abbey na ogige ahụ na ọnọdụ nke oriọna na ọdọ mmiri.

Ogige Abbey Baroque nke nwere echiche nke ogige ubi baroque dị n'ala bụ nke e bu ụzọ mee ya na ifuru baroque, ahịhịa ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na ihe ịchọ mma gravel, site na echiche ubi “paradise” nke oge baroque n'oge e kere ya. Ogige ahụ dabere na echiche nke nkà ihe ọmụma na nkà mmụta okpukpe, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nsọ nke 3. A na-etinye ogige ahụ na mbara ala 3 nwere mmiri mmiri, mmiri dị ka ihe nnọchianya nke ndụ, na 3rd terrace. Ebe a na-adọba mmiri nke baroque dị n'elu ala, n'etiti etiti ogologo axis nke ogige na ogige ubi, kwekọrọ na oriọna dị n'elu ụlọ ụka cupola, nke St. Mụọ, bụ onye nke atọ dị nsọ, na-anọchi anya n'ụdị nduru dị ka ihe nnọchianya nke ndụ.

N'ime mmiri mmiri akụkụ anọ gbara ya gburugburu nke ahịrị osisi gbara ya gburugburu na mbara ala nke atọ nke Melker Stiftsgarten, Christian Philipp Müller emepụtala ihe nrụnye n'ụdị agwaetiti nwere osisi sitere na "Ụwa Ọhụrụ" nke isiokwu ya bụ "Ụwa Ọhụrụ, ụdị. locus amoenus".
Christian Philipp Müller kere ihe nrụnye n'ụdị agwaetiti nwere osisi sitere na "Ụwa Ọhụrụ" na ọdọ mmiri akụkụ anọ dị na mbara ala nke atọ nke ogige ebe obibi ndị mọnk, nke isiokwu ya bụ "Ụwa Ọhụrụ, ụdị locus amoenus".

Mgbe afọ 1800 gachara, e mere ogige odida obodo Bekee. Ogige ahụ toro oke ruo mgbe e megharịrị ogige ebe obibi ndị mọnk na 1995. The "Temple of Honor", a neo-baroque, nke nwere akụkụ asatọ oghere ogidi nke nwere mkpuchi mansard na 3rd terrace nke ogige ebe obibi ndị mọnk, na isi iyi e weghachiri eweghachi, dị ka usoro okporo ụzọ ochie. A na-akụ ụzọ osisi linden, nke ụfọdụ n'ime ha dị ihe dị ka afọ 250, n'ebe kachasị elu nke ogige abbey. Ihe ngosi nka nke oge a jikọtara ogige ahụ na nke ugbu a.

N'azụ pavilion ogige ahụ enwere ihe a na-akpọ "Cabinet Clairvoyée" nke nwere echiche nke Danube n'okpuru. Clairvoyée bụ n'ezie grate ígwè arụpụtara na njedebe nke ụzọ ma ọ bụ ụzọ, na-enye ohere ịhụ ọdịdị ala ahụ gafere.
N'azụ pavilion ogige ahụ enwere ihe a na-akpọ "Cabinet Clairvoyée" nke nwere echiche nke Danube n'okpuru.

Ntinye nke "Benedictus-Weg" nwere isiokwu "Benedictus onye gọziri agọzi" dịka ọdịnaya ya. E debere ogige paradaịs ahụ dịka ụdị ochie sitere n'ubi ebe obibi ndị mọnk, nwere ahịhịa ọgwụ na osisi ndị nwere agba na-esi ísì ụtọ.

“Ogige paradaịs” dị na ndịda-ọwụwa anyanwụ akuku Melker Stiftspark bụ ogige mara mma nke nwere ogige Mediterranean nke ejirila ihe mejupụtara ogige paradaịs mee ihe atụ. Ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala n'ụdị ọwara na-eduga na "Ebe dị na Paradaịs", nke na-aga n'ihu n'ụzọ dị ala - Jardin Méditerranéen.
"Ogige Paradaịs" dị na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Melker Stiftspark bụ ogige mara mma, ogige Mediterranean, ebe ị nwere ike iru "ebe dị na paradaịs" site na ebe a na-egwu egwu nke ọwara.

N'okpuru ebe a bụ "Jardin méditerranée" ubi mara mma nke Mediterranean. A na-akụ osisi Akwụkwọ Nsọ dịka osisi fig, osisi vine, nkwụ na osisi apụl n'ihu n'okporo ụzọ ahụ.

Ugboro ogige

Ogige ogige Baroque dị n'ala ala nke ogige abbey bụ ihe na-adọrọ adọrọ.

Ogige ogige ahụ, nke ewelitere ntakịrị na nrutu nke etiti axis nke parterre na axis ogologo nke ogige ahụ, Franz Munggenast rụchara ya na 1748 dabere na atụmatụ Franz Rosentsingl.
Njem elu nke steepụ na-eduga na oghere dị elu gbara gburugburu nke ogige ogige nke nwere ogidi Ionic okpukpu abụọ gosipụtara n'akụkụ abụọ n'okpuru akwa mkpuchi, convex segmental arched gable nwere uwe aka na-enweghị atụ.

Na 1747/48 Franz Munggenast wuru ogige ubi maka ndị ụkọchukwu ka ọ bụrụ ebe izu ike mgbe oge ezumike siri ike gasịrị. Ọgwụgwọ ndị e ji mee ihe n'oge ahụ, dị ka mwepu ọbara na ọgwụgwọ nsị dị iche iche, chọrọ iwusi ike ma emesịa. E kewara ndị mọnk ụzọ abụọ, otu gara n'ihu na ndụ monastic nkịtị ebe ndị ọzọ kwere ka izu ike.

Eserese mgbidi na uko ụlọ dị na pavilion ubi Melk Abbey bụ nke Johann Baptist Wenzel Bergl, onye bụ nwa akwụkwọ Paul Troger na enyi Franz Anton Maulbertsch. N'ime nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ nke ogige ogige ahụ, e nwere otu ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị nwere ihe ngosi ihe nkiri nke 4 continents mara na narị afọ nke 18.
America nwere ndị India na ndị isi ojii yana ụgbọ mmiri na-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri na ndị Spen na-agbanwe ngwa ahịa, nke Johann Baptist Wenzel Bergl gosipụtara n'otu eserese dị n'ogige pavilion nke Melk Abbey.

Ihe osise nke Johann W. Bergl, nwa akwụkwọ Paul Troger na enyi Franz Anton Maulbertsch, na-egosi àgwà baroque nke na-eche echiche banyere ndụ, na-ese onyinyo paradaịs dị iche iche, dị ka ọdịiche dị na asceticism nke ndụ mọnk. Isiokwu nke frescoes n'elu windo na ọnụ ụzọ na nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ nke pavilion bụ ụwa nke uche. Putti na-anọchite anya mmetụta ise, dịka ọmụmaatụ, mmetụta nke uto, echiche kachasị mkpa, na-anọchi anya ugboro abụọ, dị ka ịṅụ mmanya na ndịda na iri nri n'ebe ugwu.
Anyanwụ na-enwu n'etiti etiti fresco n'uko, oghere nke eluigwe, na n'elu ya, anyị na-ahụ arc nke zodiac na akara ọnwa nke oge opupu ihe ubi, okpomọkụ na ụbịa.

N'ime nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ nke ogige ogige nke Melk Abbey, e nwere ụlọ elu a na-ese n'elu ụlọ nke nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị iche iche na ya, nke na-anọchite anya kọntinent 4 mara amara na narị afọ nke 18.
N'ime nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ nke ogige ogige nke Melk Abbey, e nwere ụlọ elu a na-ese n'elu ụlọ nke nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị iche iche na ya, nke na-anọchite anya kọntinent 4 mara amara na narị afọ nke 18.

N'akụkụ ọnụ nke fresco n'uko n'elu ụlọ a na-ese, a na-egosipụta kọntinent anọ a maara n'oge ahụ: Europe dị n'ebe ugwu, Eshia n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, Africa n'ebe ndịda na America n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Enwere ike ịhụ ihe nkiri dị egwu n'ime ụlọ ndị ọzọ, dị ka nchọpụta America n'ime ụlọ ọwụwa anyanwụ. Ihe ngosi nke ndị mmụọ ozi na-egwu kaadị ma ọ bụ ndị mmụọ ozi nwere akara billiard na-egosi na a na-eji ọnụ ụlọ a mee ụlọ ịgba chaa chaa.
N'ime ọnwa okpomọkụ, a na-eji nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ nke ogige ogige dị na Melk Abbey mee ihe dị ka ebe egwuregwu na ụbọchị Baroque International na Pentikọst ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri okpomọkụ n'August.

Isi iyi na-ejupụta na Ogige Orangery nke Melk Abbey n'ihu ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ Abbey
Okirikiri osisi nke a na-egbutu akwụkwọ ya ka ọ bụrụ mgbanaka kwekọrọ na nnukwu efere mmiri na-ejubiga ókè.

Melk Abbey na ogige ya na-emekọ ọnụ site na mmekorita nke ọkwa mmụọ na nke okike.

Ụlọ ọrụ Radler-Rast Touritik GmbH

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