Kuchovha mabhasikoro (vatyairi vebhasikoro vanorarama zvine njodzi)
Vatyairi vemabhasikoro vakawanda vanonzwa vari mungozi mumugwagwa. Kuti vanzwe vakachengeteka, vamwe vanochovha mabhasikoro vanotochovha padivi penzira, kunyange hazvo kuchovha bhasikoro kuine zvakanakira hutano. Nekudaro, chimwe chezvipingamupinyi chikuru kubhasikoro ndeyekunetseka kwekuchengetedza. Zvisinei, nekuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwemigwagwa yevatyairi vemabhasikoro, kwete chete inogona kutungamirira hutano hunobatsira hunotarisirwa nenzira yekukuvara kushoma uye kufa, asiwo hutano husina kunanga hunobatsira kubva kuvanhu vakawanda vanochovha bhasikoro uye kuwana mamwe maekisesaizi.
Kunzwa wakachengeteka munzira
Nzira yakajairika yekuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwemigwagwa yevatyairi kugadzira nzira dzekutenderera uye nzira dzekutenderera. Chiyero chakapararira chekuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwemumugwagwa kune vanochovha mabhasikoro “kumisikidzwa kwenzira yakagovaniswa”. Oliver Gajda kubva ku San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency akatanga izwi rokuti bhasikoro Sharrow. Musanganiswa wemazwi anoti "share" uye "museve" uye anomirira "shared lane marking". Chinangwa chikuru chepikicha yebhasikoro ndechekuratidza vatasvi vebhasikoro nzvimbo iri kure kure nekumucheto kwekurudyi kwemugwagwa kudzivirira vatyairi kubva kuvhura magonhi emotokari kamwe kamwe.
MaSharrows pakutanga aive nechinangwa chekuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwevatyairi nemabhasikoro nekukwevera vatyairi pfungwa kune vanochovha mabhasikoro. Nekuda kweizvozvo, maSharrows anofanirwa kubatsirawo kuderedza huwandu hwevatyairi vanokwira padivi penzira kana kupikisana negwara rekufamba. Sharrows yave yakakurumbira kutsiva kune inodhura uye yakasarudzika dzimwe nzira dzakadai senzira dzemabhasikoro uye nzira dzemabhasikoro.
Uko motokari nemabhasikoro zvinopanana mugwagwa
"Sharrows", kubva ku "share-the-road / arrows", zvinoreva mavanga anosanganisa chiratidzo chebhasikoro nemuseve. Iwo anoshandiswa uko mota nemabhasikoro zvinofanirwa kugoverana mukoto nekuti vatyairi vacho havana nzvimbo yemugwagwa yakasarudzika. Aya maratidziro epasi ane bhasikoro pictograms anoitirwa kukwevera kutarisa kune kuvapo kwevatyairi. Pamusoro pazvose, zvakagadzirirwa kuzivisa vatyairi mabhasikoro nezvemafaro eparutivi anodiwa kumota dzakamiswa.
A ikozvino kubva Mr o.Univ.-Prof. Dipl.-Ing. dr Herman Knoflacher yakaitwa pachinzvimbo cheMA 46 yeGuta reVienna kudzidza pamhedzisiro yezvicherechedzo zvepasi nebhasikoro pictograms mumugwagwa zvakaunza mhedzisiro yakanaka.
Prof. Knolacher inogumisa kuti mwero wekutarisisa wakabhadharwa nevatyairi vebhasikoro nevatyairi vemotokari wakachinjwa nemakaki emumugwagwa ane mapikicha ebhasikoro kusvika pamwero wakafanana nebhasikoro Sharrows.
Bicycle pictograms ine nzira miseve wedzera subjective manzwiro ekuchengeteka mumugwagwa
Bicycle pictograms uye inotungamira miseve yakavandudza kusangana kwebhasikoro traffic uye mota mota muVienna.
Iyo lateral kuchengetedza chinhambwe chemotokari kana ichipfuura chakawedzera zvakanyanya. Huwandu hwemafambisirwo epamusoro hwakadzikira nechetatu. Kurebesa chinhambwe kana uchipfuura kunoita kuti vanochovha mabhasikoro vanzwe vakachengeteka. Nekudaro, iyo inogona kunge iri yenhema pfungwa yekuchengeteka, saFerenchak naMarshall am 95th Pagore Musangano weTransportation Board 2016 yakashumwa uye muna 2019 zvakare mune imwe chinyorwa yakabudiswa, nokuti nzvimbo dzaive nebhasikoro shreds dzakanyanya kuderera mukukuvara kwegore uye 100 bhasikoro vafambi (6,7 vashoma kukuvara) pane nzvimbo dzine migwagwa yebhasikoro (27,5) kana idzo nzvimbo dzakanga dzisina nzira dzebhasikoro Uye dzakanga dzisina Sharrows (13,5: XNUMX) )
Kutenda kuti kupfeka ngowani yebhasikoro kunonatsiridza kuchengeteka mumugwagwa kunogona kutsausa saizvozvo. Izvozvo Kupfeka ngowani yebhasikoro inogona kuwedzera njodzi-yekutora. Mhedzisiro yakanaka yedziviriro inogona kuregererwa nekusaziva kwakawedzera kuda kutora njodzi.
Iyo 33rd gadziriso yeRoad Traffic Act (StVO) yakatanga kushanda muna Gumiguru 1, 2022. Mitemo yakakosha kune vanochovha mabhasikoro inopfupikiswa pazasi.
Mitemo yevatyairi vebhasikoro munzira muAustria
Mubato webhasikoro (mutyairi webhasikoro) unofanirwa kunge uine makore gumi nemaviri; chero munhu anosunda bhasikoro haanzi atyairi. Vana vari pasi pemakore gumi nemaviri vanogona kungochovha bhasikoro vachitariswa nemunhu anenge asvitsa makore gumi nematanhatu kana nemvumo yepamutemo. Vatyairi vemabhasikoro vakatakura vanhu pamabhasikoro avo vanofanirwa kunge vaine makore gumi nematanhatu kana kupfuura.
Batidza kurudyi patsvuku
Kana paine chinonzi chiratidzo chegirini chemuseve, vanochovha mabhasikoro vanotenderwa kukona kurudyi pamarobhoti matsvuku. Pane inonzi "T-junctions" zvinokwanisika zvakare kuenderera mberi kana paine chiratidzo chegirini chemuseve. Chinodiwa kune ese ari maviri ndechekuti vatyairi vanomira pamberi payo voona kuti kutendeuka kana kuenderera mberi kunogoneka pasina njodzi, kunyanya kune vanofamba netsoka.
Minimum lateral overtaking distance kana uchipfuura
Pakupfuura vatyairi vemabhasikoro, mota dzinofanirwa kuchengetedza chinhambwe chingangoita 1,5 metres munzvimbo dzakavakwa uye dzinenge 2 metres kunze kwenzvimbo dzakavakwa. Kana iyo mota inodarika ichityaira ichimhanya kwazvo ye30 km/h, chinhambwe chekuenda padivi chinogona kudzikiswa zvinoenderana kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwemigwagwa.
Kutasva kwakachengeteka pedyo nevana pamabhasikoro
Kana mwana ari pasi pemakore gumi nemaviri achiperekedzwa nemunhu ane makore angangoita gumi nematanhatu, zvinobvumidzwa kuchovha padivi nemwana, kunze kwemumigwagwa yechitima.
mabhasikoro
Nzvimbo yekuchovha bhasikoro inzira yekutenderera, nzira yezvinangwa zvakawanda, nzira yekutenderera, nzira yetsoka uye nzira yebhasikoro kana kuyambuka muchovha. Mutyairi webhasikoro chikamu chemugwagwa wakanyorwa mativi ese nemakwara akaenzana akachinjika akagadzirirwa kuti vanochovha bhasikoro vayambuke mugwagwa. Zvivako zvekuchovha bhasikoro zvinogona kushandiswa mumativi ese, kunze kwekunge mamark pasi (direction arrows) achitaura neimwe nzira. Nzira yekutenderera, kunze kwenzira imwe chete, inogona kungoshandiswa munzira yekufamba inoenderana nemukoto uri padyo. Kushandiswa kwezvivakwa zvebhasikoro nemotokari dzisiri mabhasikoro kunorambidzwa. Zvisinei, zviremera zvinogona kubvumira motokari dzekurima uye, asi kunze kwenzvimbo yakavakwa, motokari dzekirasi L1e, chiedza chine mavhiri maviri emotokari, kuti iendeswe pazvivako zvebhasikoro nemotokari yemagetsi. Vatyairi vemotokari dzebasa rekuchengetedza veruzhinji vanogona kushandisa zvivakwa zvebhasikoro kana izvi zvichikosha pakuita kwesevhisi.
Kana traffic ikakanganiswa nechinhu mumugwagwa, kunyanya nemotokari yakamira, marara, zvinhu zvekuvakisa, mhedzisiro yemumba nezvimwe zvakadaro, chiremera chinofanira kuronga kuti chinhu chacho chibviswe pasina kumwe kuenderera mberi kana vatyairi vebhasikoro vave kuda kushandisa bhasikoro. mukoto kana nzira yekutenderera kana nzira yetsoka uye nzira yekutenderera zvinodzivirirwa.
migwagwa yebhasikoro
Chiremera chinogona kuzivisa migwagwa kana zvikamu zvemumigwagwa kuti zvitenderere migwagwa nechisungo. Vatyairi vemotokari havabvumidzwe kutyaira zvinodarika 30 km/h mumigwagwa yemabhasikoro. Vatyairi vemabhasikoro havafanirwe kuiswa mungozi kana kudziviswa.
nzira imwe chete
Migwagwa yenzira imwe, inovawo migwagwa yekugara mukati mezvinoreva Chikamu 76b cheStVO, inogona kushandiswa nevatyairi vemabhasikoro.
nzira dzechipiri
Vatyairi vemabhasikoro vanobvumidzwawo kutyaira mumigwagwa yechipiri kana pasina nzira dzekutenderera, nzira dzekutenderera kana nzira dzetsoka uye nzira dzekutenderera.
zvakakosha
Iyo zipper system inoshandawo kune vanochovha mabhasikoro munzira inopera, kana mukati menzvimbo yenzvimbo munzira yekutenderera inotungamira yakafanana nayo, kana vatyairi vakachengeta gwara rekufamba mushure mekusiya. Vatyairi vebhasikoro vanosiya nzira yebhasikoro kana nzira yetsoka uye nzira yemabhasikoro isingaendeswe nemutyairi webhasikoro anofanira kupa nzira kune dzimwe mota mumigwagwa inoyerera.
Kumira uye kupaka kunorambidzwa panzira dzekutenderera, nzira dzekutenderera uye nzira dzekutenderera netsoka.
bhasikoro traffic
Mumigwagwa ine mukoto wemabhasikoro, mabhasikoro emutsetse mumwe chete asina turera anogona kushandisa nzira yekutenderera kana ikatenderwa kushandisa nzira yekutenderera kwairi kuda kufamba nemutyairi.
Mabhasikoro ane turera
Nzvimbo yekuchovha bhasikoro inogona kushandiswa nemabhasikoro ane karavhani isingapfuuri 100 cm yakakura, ine mabhasikoro akawanda-track asingapfuuri 100 cm, uye kudzidzira kuchovha nemabhasikoro emujaho.
Mukoto unoitirwa mamwe matraffic unofanira kushandiswa kumabhasikoro neimwe turera kana nemamwe mabhasikoro emigwagwa mizhinji.
Longitudinal cycling inorambidzwa pamapavement uye mumigwagwa.
Vatyairi vemabhasikoro vanofanira kuzvibata munzira dzetsoka nemumabhasikoro nenzira yekuti vanofamba netsoka vasave munjodzi.
tyaira padivi nepadivi
Vatyairi vemabhasikoro vanogona kuchovha padivi pemumwe mutyairi webhasikoro munzira dzemabhasikoro, migwagwa yebhasikoro, migwagwa inogara vanhu, nenzvimbo dzekusangana, uye vanogona kuchovha vari padivi nepadivi pamijaho yekudzidzira mabhasikoro. Pane zvimwe zvese zvivakwa zvekuchovha mabhasikoro uye mumigwagwa panobvumidzwa kumhanya kukuru kwe30 km/h uye kufamba kwebhasikoro kunobvumidzwa, kunze kwenzira dzenjanji, migwagwa yakakosha uye migwagwa yenzira imwe ichipesana negwara rekufamba, bhasikoro renzira imwe chete rinogona kunge riri. inotakurwa pedyo nemumwe mutyairi webhasikoro, chero pasina munhu ari mungozi, huwandu hwemvumo dzemigwagwa uye vamwe vashandisi vemugwagwa havadzivirirwe kubva pakupfuura.
Paunenge uchichovha padivi pemumwe mutyairi webhasikoro, nzira yekurudyi chete ndiyo inogona kushandiswa uye mota dzemumigwagwa dzenguva dzose dzingasakanganiswa.
Kuchovha bhasikoro mumapoka
Vatyairi vemabhasikoro vari mumapoka evanhu gumi kana kupfuura vanofanira kubvumirwa kuyambuka mharadzano seboka vachipfuura neimwe motokari. Paunenge uchipinda mumharadzano, mitemo yekutanga inoshanda kune vanochovha mabhasikoro inofanirwa kucherechedzwa; mutasvi webhasikoro ari mberi anofanira kushandisa zviratidzo zvemaoko kuratidza kupera kweboka kune vamwe vatyairi vari munzvimbo inoyambuka uye, kana zvakakodzera, buruka mubhasikoro. Vatyairi vebhasikoro vekutanga nevekupedzisira muboka vanofanirwa kupfeka bhachi rinoratidza kuchengetedza.
zvirambidzo
Hazvibvumirwi kuchovha bhasikoro usina maoko kana kubvisa tsoka dzako pamapedali paunenge uchichovha, kurovera bhasikoro kuenda kune imwe mota kuti udhonze uye kushandisa mabhasikoro nenzira isina kufanira, semuenzaniso kuchovha makarosi uye mijaho. Izvo zvakare zvinorambidzwa kutora dzimwe mota kana mota diki newe paunenge uchichovha bhasikoro uye kufona uchichovha bhasikoro usingashandisi mudziyo usina maoko. Vatyairi vemabhasikoro vanofona pavanenge vachichovha mabhasikoro vasingashandisi mudziyo usina maoko vanopara mhosva yekutonga, iyo inofanirwa kurangwa nechirango chinoenderana ne§ 50 VStG nefaindi ye50 euros. Kana kubhadharwa kwefaindi kwarambwa, zviremera zvinofanirwa kubhadharisa faindi inosvika makumi manomwe nemaviri euros, kana kusungwa kusvika maawa makumi maviri nemana kana faindi isingakwanisi kuunganidzwa.
kuyambuka bhasikoro
Vatyairi vemabhasikoro vanogona kungosvika pakuyambuka mabhasikoro, uko traffic isingadzorwe nemaoko kana masaini masaini, pakumhanya kukuru kwe10 km / h uye kwete kukwira zvakananga pamberi pemotokari iri kusvika uye kushamisa mutyairi wayo, kunze kwekunge ari pedyo pedyo Hapana mota mota. vari kutyaira vari pedyo.
Chero ani zvake, semutyairi wemotokari, anoisa pangozi vatyairi vebhasikoro vanoshandisa kuyambuka mabhasikoro zvinoenderana nemirau, kana vanochovha mabhasikoro vanoshandisa kuyambuka bhasikoro, anopara mhosva yekutonga uye anosungirwa kubhadhariswa faindi iri pakati peEUR 72 neEUR 2, kana kusungwa pakati pemaawa makumi maviri nemana nemasvondo matanhatu kana asingatorekeke shandisa nemazvo, akaremara.
Kupaka mabhasikoro
Mabhasikoro anofanira kugadzirwa nenzira yekuti haakwanise kudonha kana kukanganisa kufamba. Kana nzira yemugwagwa inopfuura 2,5 m yakafara, mabhasikoro anogonawo kupakwa padivi penzira; izvi hazvishande munzvimbo yezvifambiso zvevoruzhinji zvinomira, kunze kwekunge mabhesi ebhasikoro akaiswa ipapo. Mabhasikoro anofanira kugadzikwa padivi nenzira inochengetedza nzvimbo kuitira kuti vanofamba netsoka vasavhiringidzwa uye zvinhu zvisakanganiswe.
Kutakura zvinhu pabhasikoro
Zvinhu zvinodzivirira kushanduka kwegwara kubva pakuratidzwa kana kukanganisa maonero akajeka kana rusununguko rwekufamba kwemutyairi webhasikoro kana izvo zvinogona kuisa vanhu panjodzi kana kukuvadza zvinhu, senge masaha asina kudzivirirwa kana scythes, maamburera akavhurika nezvimwe zvakadaro, hazvigone kutakurwa. bhasikoro.
vana
Vana vari pasi pemakore gumi nemaviri vanofanira kushandisa ngowani yekuputsika nenzira yakarongwa pavanenge vachichovha bhasikoro, pavanenge vachitakurwa nekaravhani yebhasikoro uye pavanenge vakatakurwa nebhasikoro.
Munhu upi noupi anotarisira mwana ari kuchovha bhasikoro, kuritakura pabhasikoro kana kuti kuritakura mukaravhani yebhasikoro anofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti mwana anoshandisa ngowani yokubondera nenzira yakarongwa.
Akakurira muBregenz, akadzidza muVienna, zvino anogara paDanube muWachau.
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