Wachau
Kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweDanube
mukaka
Nhare nenzvimbo yekugara yemamongi iri maodzanyemba-kumabvazuva pazasi peimba yekutanga yakavakirwa panzvimbo yakakwirira yematombo paMelk neDanube.
Imba yemamongi yeBenedictine inotonga guta nekuda kwenzvimbo yaro uye hukuru uye zvakare yaive nekodzero dzemanoriya pamusoro peguta.
Zita rokuti medilica rakatanga kutaurwa mune rimwe gwaro muna 831.
Nekuda kwenzvimbo yayo paDanube uye mumugwagwa wekare wehumambo, Melk yaive yakakosha nzvimbo yekutengesa yemunyu, simbi newaini uye yaive chigaro chemutero uye hofisi yetsika, pamwe nepakati pemasangano mazhinji.
Musika wemusika muMelk wakavakwa serectangular square muzana ramakore rechi 13. created.
Kusvikira muzana remakore rechi14 Chimiro chemuguta chichiri kuzivikanwa nhasi chakagadzirwa mukati mekare rusvingo rweguta. Zvivakwa zvemuguta rekare zvinodzokera kuzana ramakore rechi 15 nerechi 16.
Iyo yemahara-yakamira neo-Gothic dhorobha chechi yakavakwa muzana ramakore re15. foundation.
Nhoroondo yeguta reMelk ine nhoroondo yaro yekuona se "Haus am Stein", iyo nzvimbo yemishonga kana yekare hofisi yeposvo muAustria inotsanangurwa pamabhodhi eruzivo pazvivakwa zveguta. Nhoroondo yeguta reMelk inogona kunzwika uchishandisa dhairekitori redhiyo, iyo inogona kukweretwa kubva kuWachau Info Center.
Mushure mokunge masvingo eguta akabviswa muzana remakore rechi19. nzvimbo yekugara yakawedzerwa neiyo cottage dunhu, paki yeguta uye chivakwa chekutonga. Muna 1898 Melk akagamuchira kodzero dzeguta.
Inoonekwa kubva kure, iyo Freiherr von Birago barracks yanga iripo yakatarisana neStiftsfelsen kubvira 1913. Kubva 1944 kusvika 1945 paive nekambi kadiki kemusasa wevasungwa weMauthausen panzvimbo ino, umo mabhora ebhora akagadzirwa Steyr Daimler Puch AG.
Schoenbuehel
Around 1100 nzvimbo yeSchönbühel yaive yePassau bishopric.
Nzvimbo iyi musha une migwagwa yakawanda kuzasi kwenhare, iyo yakavakirwa pamawere ane dombo pamusoro peDanube.
Padivi pemugwagwa unomonereka unodzika kubva kunhare, kusimudzira kwakasununguka kunoratidza taundi. MuSchönbühel maiva nenzanga huru yechiJudha yaiva nesinagogi kusvikira muna 1671.
Kubva 1411 Schönbühel yaive yemhuri yeStarheberg. Schönbühel aive mu16th uye kutanga kwe17 Century. pakati peStarhebergs semuzinda wePurotesitendi. Ivo havana kungomiririra zvine chekuita nechitendero chete, asi zvakare vakatsigira zvinangwa zvesangano remubatanidzwa vachipokana nemadzishe aivavarira absolutism.
MuHondo yeWhite Mountain pedyo nePrague (1620), mukati me“Hondo Yemakore Makumi Matatu”, mauto echiPurotesitendi eBohemia neStarheberg akakundwa naMambo weKaturike Ferdinand II.
Konrad Balthasar von Starheberg akatendeukira kuchiKaturike muna 1639. Kubva panguva iyoyo, Starhembegers vakawana nzvimbo huru, zvakare muBohemia neHungary. Dzakagadzirwa naMambo Ferdinand III. muImperial Counts uye muzana remakore rechi18. kukwidziridzwa pachinzvimbo chemuchinda weumambo uye kukudzwa nezvinzvimbo zvepamusoro.
Konrad Balthasar von Starhemberg akatanga imba yemamongi padyo neSchönbühel castle muna 1666 ndokuipa kumamongi eServite mushure memakore masere ekuvaka.
Zuva rekufarisa reSchönbüheler Servite monastery nechechi yepilgrimage rakagara kusvika pakuvandudzwa kwemamongi eJosephine. Muna 1980 imba yemamongi yeServite muSchönbühel yakaparadzwa.
Aggsbach musha
Musha mudiki wemutsara weAggsbach-Dorf uri panzvimbo ine mafashama pazasi pechikomo chenhare. Zvivakwa zvekugara kubva ku19th uye 20th mazana emakore zvinotevedza Donauuferstrasse.
Pave paine chigayo chenyundo muAggsbach Dorf kubva muzana ramakore rechi16. Iyo forge yaishandiswa nesimba remvura, kuburikidza nedhamu raipihwa chikafu neWolfsteinbach.
The smithy muAggsbach-Dorf akapa mutero kune yakavakidzana charterhouse. Muridzi Josef Pehn akashanda semupfuri wesimbi wekupedzisira kusvika 1956.
Chigayo chenyundo chakadzoserwa pachimiro chayo chepakutanga uye chakavhurwazve muna 2022 senzvimbo yehutema.
Iyo Aggsteinerhof kubva muzana ramakore rechi 17/18 iri kuchamhembe kweguta kumahombekombe eDanube. zana remakore
Kutozosvikira 1991 pakanga pane pier yekutumira uye posvo. Chivako chakabatana No. 14 kubva muna 1465 pakutanga chaive imba yekubhadharisa uye chakazoshandiswa sepokugara kwemusango.
St. Johann im Mauerthale
St. Johann im Mauerthale inzvimbo yekushanya uye yekuyambuka yematirakita ekudhonza.
Chechi yekutanga yakavakwa muna 800 AD, muzana remakore rechi13. ruwa rwechechi rwakanga rwuri pasi peimba yemamongi yeSalzburg yeSt. Ikozvino zvivakwa zvekuvaka zvinobva muhafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rechi 15.
Paive nenzvimbo yemakuva yakatenderedza chechi, iyo yainyanya kuitirwa vakafa kubva kuMaria Langegg, dare redunhu reSalzburg nedare rekutonga kubvira 1623.
Nharirire yeRoma, ine rusvingo rwekuchamhembe runosvika padanho redenga rechechi, yakabatanidzwa muchechi yebazi reSt. Johannes akabatanidzwa muSt. Johann im Mauerthale.
Iyo yekupedzisira yeRomanesque monumental pendi kubva kutenderera 1240 inogona kuoneka mukati mechechi.
Imwe fresco yakakura yaSt. Christopher kubva muzana remakore rechi16 yakavezwa pamadziro ekunze akatarisana neDanube. pachena.
St. Johann inzvimbo tsvene yetsime. Iri tsime rekunamata rinobatanidza mhemberero dzekare dzekubhabhatidza nekunamata kwaSt. John, akaropafadzwa Albinus uye shamwari yake St. Rosalia.
Albinus aiva mudzidzi uye akazova mukuru wechikoro checathedral chinozivikanwa muYork. Ainzi ndiye nyanzvi huru yenguva yake. Muna 781 Albinus akasangana naCharlemagne muParma. Albinus akava chipangamazano ane simba kuna Charlemagne panyaya dzehurumende nechechi.
Nzvimbo yeTsime padyo nechechi, baroque Johannesbrunnen, yakakomberedzwa nemadziro ematombo ekwari. Makoramu mana akatenderedza chitubu anotsigira denga rakaita sebhero reshingle. Kare, nzvimbo yokunamatira yaipindwa zvakanaka zvikuru pamazuva e<em>pilgrimage, zvokuti vafundisi vakati wandei vakanga vari pabasa rechechi pamazuva aya.
Salzburg nemisha yeArns
Kubva zvakapihwa muna 860 naMambo Ludwig wekuGerman wemahwanda makumi maviri nemana ehumambo kuArchdiocese yeSalzburg, Arnsdörfer yanga iri hutongi hwemabhishopi makuru eSalzburg.
(Königshufe inzvimbo yepakati penyika yehumambo yakacheneswa, 1 Königshufe = 47,7 ha).
Nzvimbo iri muWachau kubhanga rekurudyi reDanube inoreva St. Johann im Mauerthale, Oberarnsdorf, Hofarnsdorf, Mitterarnsdorf neBacharnsdorf. Zita rokuti Arnsdorf rinodzokera kuna Archbishop Arn(o), aiva bhishopi mukuru wekutanga wearchdiocese itsva yeSalzburg uye abbot weBenedictine monastery yeSt.
Chechi yeparamende muHofarnsdorf yakatsaurirwa kuSt. Yakatsaurirwa kuna Rupert. Rupert akanga ari mukuru weFranconia, muvambi weSalzburg uye wekutanga abbot weSt. Peter's Abbey.
Diocese yeChiemsee, Salzburg Cathedral Chapter, Benedictine Abbey yeSt. Peter, Benedictine Abbey yeNonnberg, Benedictine Abbey yeAdmont, Augustinian Canons yeHöglwörth, Salzburg Citizens' Hospital yeSt. Blasius neChechi yeChechi ye Guta reSalzburg-Mülln rakanga rine nzvimbo dzokugadzira waini.
Pamusoro peArchdiocese yeSalzburg, Salzburg Cathedral Chapter yaive nezvinhu zvine kodzero dzayo dzekunyora. Parishi iri muHofarnsdorf yaitarisirwa nechapter yeSalzburg cathedral.
Kukosha kwezvivakwa zveSalzburg kuri mukugadzirwa kwewaini. Kurima kwakasanganiswa kwaive kwakajairwa nenyika yewaini, kusanganisira kurima, zvipfuyo zvekurarama nazvo uye masango. Chigayo muKupfertal chaive chepurazi, uye wekupedzisira miller akafa muna 1882.
Varimi vewaini vaigara vari nani pane varimi. Kurima waini yaive tsika yaida ruzivo rwakanyanya, saka vakuru vakuru nekereke vaitsamira pavarimi vewaini. Sezvo varimi vewaini vaisafanira kushanda nerobhoti remaoko, pakanga pasina kumukirana munharaunda yeWachau inorimwa waini panguva yehondo dzevarimi.
Mutariri muHofarnsdorf ndiye aive mukuru akakosha wemuchinda bhishopu. Bergmeister ndiye aikonzera viticulture pachayo. Mazambiringa aigadzirwa mumayadhi ekukohwa edzimba dzemamongi.
Manorial estates akapa nyika yavo yewaini "stock" uye yakabhadharwa, semuenzaniso, yechitatu bhaketi. Mukoti wacho, semukuru wehurumende, aiva nebasa rokutarisira uye kuunganidza mitero, uyewo mukuru wedare ravakoti. Dare repamusoro rakanga riri muSpitz paDanube.
Muna 1623 Hanns Lorenz v. Kueffstain dare redunhu muLangegg kuna Archbishop Paris v. Lodron. Dare redunhu muLangegg raisanganisira hutongi hwemuchinda-achibhishopi weSalzburg, Aggsbach uye kusvika pakutonga kweSchönbühel.
Nekutora dare redunhu, jeri rinoenderana raidikanwa, saka zvindori shanu zvesimbi zvakasungirirwa mugomba reHofarnsdorf 4.
Waini yeSalzburg yakatorwa kuDanube nemvura kuenda kuLinz pasi pekutariswa kwe "muridzi wekubata". Kubva kuLinz kuenda kuSalzburg, zvinhu zvacho zvaitakurwa nezvikochikari.
Waini yakanga isina kutengeswa yaigona kutengeswa kuvanhu mu "Leutgebhäuser" inns.
Semushandi wechechi, mudzidzisi aitarisira masevhisi echechi uye mimhanzi panguva yeshumiro, ndokusaka imba yechikoro muHofansdorf yakavakwa pedyo nechechi. Vana vaidzidziswa kuchikoro zvikurukuru nokuda kwemabasa mumweya wechechi.
Hofisi yeArnsdorf yaisanganisirawo kodzero dzezvikepe, kuendeswa ne zille kubva kuOberarnsdorf kuenda kuSpitz. Kubva 1928, chikepe chetambo chakatsiva rwendo rweZille.
Muna 1803 hutungamiriri hwechechi hwakanga husina chitendero, mutemo wechechi wakapera, zvinhu zvakatorwa nehutungamiri hwezvivakwa zvehurumende zveCameralfond uye gare gare zvakatengeswa kuvanhu vakazvimirira. Kutonga kweArnsdörfer kwakaramba kuine Salzburg kusvika 1806, muchinda-achibhishopi-Salzburg Meierhof muHofarnsdorf akashandurwa kuita nhare muzana ramakore re19. ichangobva kuvakwa.
Muna 1848 hutongi hwemanoriya hwakapera nekusunungurwa kwevarimi uye nekudaro nharaunda dzezvematongerwo enyika dzakaumbwa.
Yakakodzera kutaurwa muOberarnsdorf ndiyo yaimbova chivanze chekuverengera cheBenedictine monastery yeSt. Peter muSalzburg, iyo yakavakwa muzvikamu zvakati kuti kubva muzana ramakore rechi 15 kusvika kuzana ramakore rechi 18. Rupert, yaimbova dare redzimhosva uye chikamu chakachengetedzwa zvakanaka cheimba yeRoma muBacharnsdorf.
rosette
Muna 985/91 Rossatz akatanga kunzi Rosseza, weBenedictine monastery muMetten. Sevatsigiri veMetten Abbey, maBabenberg aive nehutongi pamusoro peRossatz.
Vakapa musha wacho nezvinhu semufi kuna Dürnsteiner Kuenringer. Mushure meKuenringers, Wallseer akatora, achiteverwa nevakuru Matthäus von Spaurm, Kirchberger kubva 1548, Geimann, the Counts of Lamberg kubva 1662, Mollart, Schönborn kubva 1768.
Guts- und Waldgenossenschaft Rossatz akatora hutongi hwekare muna 1859.
Parishi yeRossatz, yakavambwa kutenderera 1300, yaive pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi14. yakabatanidzwa muBenedictine monastery yeGöttweig.
Munguva yeReformation uye Counter-Reformation, chechi yePurotesitendi yakavakwa muRossatzbach muna 1599 asi haina kuzopedzwa. Paiva neimba yemuparidzi wechiPurotesitendi uye imba yokunamatira muRossatz.
Mabasa eEvangelical aipembererwa kunze kwe“Evangeliwandl” pamusoro pemusha weRuhr.
Viticulture rave riri basa guru revagari veRossatz kubvira pakutanga Middle Ages. Mapurisheni mazhinji nemamongi aive neminda yemizambiringa uye mapurazi ekuverenga muRossatz.
Kubva 14th kusvika 19th century nzvimbo iri paDanube yaive yakanakira Rossatz kugadzirisa vamwe vatenzi vengarava. Nzvimbo iyi yaive nekare yenzira uye Rossatz yaive yakakosha seyekumira kwehusiku kune vafambi paDanube.
Dzimba dzakanaka kwazvo dzekare, dzaimbova chivanze chekuverenga uye nhare ine chivanze cheRenaissance inosarudza pakati peRossatz.
Diocese yePassau muMautern
Mautern aive munzira yakakosha yekutengeserana. Iri paDanube Limes uye paDanube kuyambuka, Mautern yaive yakakosha seyekutengesa uye tsika positi yemunyu nesimbi.
Muna 803, mushure mekunge Mambo Charlemagne vakunda Humambo hweAvar, nzvimbo yaimbova nhare yeRoma yakagarwa patsva uye yakachengetedzwa. Rusvingo rweguta remuMiddle Ages rwaienderana nemasvingo eRoma. Kodzero yekushandisa masimba epamusoro yakapihwa mutongi wedhorobha reMautern kubva ku1277.
Kubva muzana ramakore regumi, Mautern aive pasi pedhiocese yePassau, aine dzimbahwe rekutonga munhare.
Imba yeMargaret Chapel yakavakirwa pamasara emudhuri wemusasa weRoma pamadziro eguta kumaodzanyemba kweguta rekare.Nzvimbo dzekare dzakabva ku9th/10th century. Century.
Muna 1083 Bhishopi Altmann von Passau akabatanidza chechi muGöttweig monastery. Chivakwa chitsva chekupedzisira cheRomanesque chakavakwa chakapoteredza 1300. Muna 1571, St. Anna Foundation yakamisa chipatara chehurumende pano. Mukati, muimba yekwaya, pendi yose yemadziro kubva kumativi 1300 yakachengetedzwa mukudhirowa.
Nhasi Nikolaihof, yekare winery muAustria, akauya kuPassau Augustinian monastery yeSt. Nikola sepurazi rekukohwa muna 1075. Pano, zvakare, zvikamu zvezana ramakore rechi 15 zvechivako chemazuva ano zvinogara pamasara emadziro eRoma fort Favianis.
Kuyambuka kweMauterner Danube kwaive kwakakosha mune zvehupfumi kuMautern. Nekodzero yebhiriji uye kuvakwa kwebhiriji remapuranga muna 1463, Mautern yakarasikirwa nenzvimbo yayo paDanube kuenda kumataundi maviri eKrems-Stein.
CASLES
Mafungiro ehungwaru aive akakosha pakuvakwa kwenhare: kuchengetedza miganhu, kudzivirira kurwiswa nevavengi uye senzvimbo yekupotera kune vanhu munguva dzekuda.
Mazimba akavakwa pamahombekombe ese eDanube kudzora kutakura.
Nhare iyi yanga iri mumiriri wekugara kwemhuri ine mukurumbira kubvira High Middle Ages.
Kudzivirirwa kwacho kwaive kwakanangana nekurwira masimba epamba, senge nyaya yeAggstein castle mukukakavadzana pakati peKuenringer nachangamire.
Kunzvimbo dzakapoteredza, kukosha kwenhare kwaienderana nemunhu waishe wenhare, chinzvimbo chake uye simba rake. Nhare iyi ndiyo yaiva musimboti wekururamisira. Dare racho pacharo raisangana munzvimbo yaiungana vanhu kunze kwenhare.
Mukufarira kwaishe wenhare, runyararo nechengeteko ndizvo zvaidiwa kuti zvibudirire mukurima nekutengeserana, nekuti izvi zvakakonzera mutero nemitero kuti abatsire.
Matongo enhare yeDürnstein
Nhare yacho iri pamusoro peguta reDürnstein padombo rine dombo rinodonha richienda kuDanube.
Azzo von Gobatsburg akawana nzvimbo yakatenderedza Dürnstein kubva kuTegernsee Abbey, uko muzukuru wake Hadmar I von Kuenring akavaka nhare yepamusoro pechikomo muzana ramakore rechigumi nembiri. yakavakwa. Rusvingo runodzivirira, serusvingo rweguta rwakatambanudzwa, runobatanidza musha nenhare.
Kutaurwa kwekutanga kwezita renzvimbo Dürnstein kunodzokera pakutorwa kwaMambo Richard the Lionheart paDürnstein castle, kubva muna Zvita 21, 1192 kusvika Kukadzi 4, 1193. Akabva atumirwa kuna Mambo weGermany Heinrich VI. delivered. Rutivi rworudzikinuro rwakabhadharwa kusunungura mambo weEngland rwakaita kuti zvibvire kuwedzera nhare netaundi reDürnstein muzana ramakore rechi 13 nerechi14.
Muna 1347 Dürnstein yakava taundi, jasi remaoko retaundi rakapihwa Emperor Friedrich III. makore anopfuura 100 gare gare.
Pakupera kweHondo Yemakore Makumi Matatu muna 1645, vaSweden vakakunda Dürnstein Castle ndokuputika gedhi. Nhare iyi haina kugarwa kubva ipapo uye yaparara.
Aggstein castle matongo
Pamupata wakamanikana, rukova rwakananga kumabvazuva-kumadokero, mamita 300 pamusoro pemahombekombe ekurudyi eDanube, pane akavaka twin castle Aggstein. A 12 m high rocky outcrop inosanganiswa pane imwe neimwe yemativi maviri akatetepa, iyo yekumabvazuva inonzi Bürgl uye yekumadokero Stein.
Izvozvi zvekuvaka zvivakwa zvematongo enhare zvakanyanya kudzokera kunguva yekuvakwazve naJörg Scheck vom Wald.
Jörg Scheck vom Wald aive kanzura uye kaputeni weAlbrecht V weHabsburg. Akapiwa nhare, akatumwa kuivaka patsva mushure mekunge yaparadzwa naFrederick II muna 1230 uye muna 1295 naAlbrecht I. Jörg Scheck vom Wald akagamuchira muripo wekodzero yengarava dzaifamba dzichikwira nerwizi, mukudzoka kwake aisungirwa kuchengetedza masitepisi achitevedza Danube.
Kubva kuAggstein Castle, maonero anovhura kumativi ose maviri, kuitira kuti kufamba kweDanube kwakachengeteka. Ngarava iri yose yaiuya yaigona kushumwa nezviratidzo zvebhosvo kupfurikidza nedzimba mbiri dzaifuridza paDanube.
Duke Friedrich III. akatora nhare muna 1477. Akashandisa maroja kusvikira Anna von Polheim, chirikadzi yemuroja wekupedzisira, atenga nhare muna 1606. Aive ne "Mittelburg" yakawedzerwa uye akagara nhaka kune muzukuru wake Otto Max von Abensberg-Traun. Mushure maizvozvi, nhare yacho yakaregeredzwa uye zvishoma nezvishoma yakawira mukuparara. Muna 1930 mhuri yeSeilern-Aspang yakatenga matongo enhare.
Castle matongo kuseri chivakwa
Hinterhaus Castle yakavakirwa kuchengetedza nzira yekutengeserana kubva kuDanube kuburikidza nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekuchamhembe kuenda kuBohemia, senzvimbo yekutonga pamusoro peDanube mupata uye senzvimbo yekutonga. Inove yeNiederaltaich monastery se "castrum in monte", nhare iyi yakatanga kutaurwa mugwaro muna 1243.
Duchy of Bavaria akatora Hinterhaus Castle kusvika 1504. MaKuenringers akava mhirizhonga uye akatamisa Hinterhaus se "sub-fiefdom" kune knight Arnold von Spitz.
Mushure meizvozvo, Hinterhaus castle neSpitz estate zvakapikirwa kumhuri yeWallseer uye kubva 1385 kuenda kumhuri yeMaissauer.
Muna 1504, iyo Hinterhaus castle yakapinda mune yeDuchy yeAustria pazasi peEnns. Iyo nhare yakawira mukuparara muzana ramakore rechi 16, asi panguva imwechete yakashanda sechivharo kurwisa maOttoman, yakasimbiswa nekuvakwa kweshongwe mbiri dzakatenderedza. Nekuda kweHondo dzeNapoleonic muna 1805 uye 1809, iyo Hinterhaus castle yakazoparara. Kubva 1970 matongo anga ari ekanzuru yeSpitz.
Baroque monasteries muWachau
Reformation uye Counter-Reformation muWachau
Yakaisvonaka, baroque monastery complexes yeBenedictine abbey Melk uye Benedictine monastery Göttweig inopenya kubva kure pamusuwo uye kumagumo eWachau, iyo yakakwirira baroque monastery Dürnstein inogara pakati.
Panguva yeChinjo, Wachau yakanga iri muzinda wechiPurotesitendi.
Mess. Isack naJakob Aspan, varidzi veFörtof pedyo neStein, vaikosha zvikuru kuLutheran kwemakumi emakore. Misi yeSvondo, mazana evanhu vokuKrems Stein aiwanzouya kuFörthof nokuda kwemharidzo. Pasinei nerwisano naBhishopi Melchior Khlesl, minamato yechiPurotesitendi yakaitwa muno kutozosvikira muna 1613. Muna 1624 Förthof ine chapel yakauya kuCanons yeDürnstein uye, mushure mekubviswa kwayo muna 1788, kuHerzogenburg Abbey.
Mumakuva eSpitz an der Donau muchine “shongwe yomufundisi” ine purupiti kubva kwaiziviswa vaparidzi veLutheran shoko raMwari. Varidzi venzvimbo yeSpitz panguva iyoyo, vanaShe veKirchberg uyezve veKueffstainers, vaiva vatsigiri nevatsigiri veLutheranism. Hans Lorenz II. Kueffstain akavaka chechi yeLutheran muSpitzer castle. Maererano nemvumo yechitendero yakapiwa kumasitendi (1568), aiva nekodzero yekuzviita. Mamiriro ezvinhu akachinja paitonga Mambo Ferdinand II. Chechi yeLutheran munhare haina kuvakwa patsva.
MuWeißenkirchen, zvakare, maive nevaPurotesitendi zvakanyanya kweanopfuura hafu yezana ramakore. Kwainzi kwakanga kusina “vaLutheran vakaipisisa” munyika yose kupfuura muWachau.
Kune rumwe rutivi rweDanube muRossatz, vaKaturike uye ipapo vaPurotesitendi vakatonga zvakare. VaLutheran vakasanganawo kuti vashumire pamhepo pa "Evangeliwandl" pamusoro peguta reRührsdorf.
MuSchönbühel, veStarhebergs vakasarudza chiPurotesitendi. Mabasa echiLutheran akaitwa muzana remakore rechi16. muchechi yenhare muSchönbühel.
Nekudaro, nharaunda yakaitwa zvekare katorike mushure mekunge Konrad Balthasar Graf Starhemberg atendeuka kuita chiKatorike muna 1639.
Mushure mekupera kweHondo Yemakore Makumi Matatu, ruzhinji rwevanhu muWachau vachiri vaLutheran. Muna 30 inoti "hakuna Catholic mukanzuru". Makomisheni ekutenda akadzidzisazve vagari vemo uye vaPurotesitendi vaifanira kubva mumupata weWachau.
Benedictine Abbey Melk
Iyo monumental, baroque Benedictine Abbey yeMelk, inoonekwa kubva kure, inopenya mune yero yakapfuma pamawere anodonha akananga kuchamhembe akananga kurwizi Melk neDanube. Seimwe yeakanakisa uye yakakura akabatana baroque ensembles muEurope, inochengetedzwa seUNESCO World Heritage Site.
Muhafu yechipiri yezana ramakore rechi 10, mambo akatambudza Leopold I weBabenberg nekachira katete pedyo neDanube, pakati payo paiva nenhare muMelk, nzvimbo yakagara yakakomberedzwa.
Melk akashanda senzvimbo yekuvigwa yeBabenbergs uye nzvimbo yekuvigwa yeSt. Koloman, mutsvene wekutanga wenyika.
Margrave Leopold II aive neimba yemamongi yakavakirwa padombo pamusoro pemusha weMelk, umo mamongi eBenedictine kubva kuLambach Abbey akatamira muna 1089. Nhare yenhare yeBabenberg, pamwe chete nezvinhu, paramende uye musha weMelk, zvakaendeswa kuna Leopold III. kuvaBenedictine sevaridzi vemba. Muzana remakore rechi12 chikoro chakavambwa munzvimbo yemamongi yeMelk Abbey, inova ndiyo chikoro chekare muAustria.
Mushure mekunge ruzhinji rwevakuru vatendeukira kuchiPurotesitendi uye nhamba yevanhu vaipinda muimba yemamongi yaderera zvakanyanya, imba yemamongi yakanga yave pedyo nekuparadzwa muna 1566. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Melk yaive nzvimbo yedunhu reCounter-Reformation.
Muna 1700 Berthold Dietmayr akasarudzwa abbot weMelk Abbey. Berthold Dietmayr akazvigadzirira chinangwa chekusimbisa nekusimbisa kukosha kwechitendero, zvematongerwo enyika uye zvemweya zveimba yemamongi nekuvaka baroque chivakwa chitsva cheMelk Abbey.
Jakob Prandtauer, akakosha baroque tenzi muvaki, akaronga kuvakwa kutsva kweimba yemamongi muMelk. Melk Abbey, imwe yeakanakisa uye yakakura yakabatana Baroque ensembles muEurope, yakavhurwa muna 1746.
Mushure mekuita zvechitendero muna 1848, Melk Abbey akarasikirwa nemuridzi wemba. Mari yemuripo yakabatsira pakugadziridzwa kwose kweimba yemamongi.
Kuti vawane mari yekugadziridza basa mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20, Melk Abbey akatengesa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, Bhaibheri rakakosha zvikuru reGutenberg kubva kuAbbey Library kuenda kuYunivhesiti yeYale muna 1926.
Kushanya uku kunopera muAbbey Park nekushanya kweMelk Abbey nekushanya kuImperial Wing, Marble Hall, Abbey Library, Abbey Church uye maonero epanoramic kubva pamhanza yeDanube Valley. Nzira inotungamira nemumagadheni akamutsiridzwa emubaroque kune baroque gadheni pavilion ine Johann Wenzel Bergl's pented fantasy worlds.
Contemporary art kuisirwa, mune yakabatana Chirungu landscape park,
zadzisa uye kudzamisa ruzivo rwetsika rwekushanya kumamongi uye kubatana neazvino.
Benedictine monastery Göttweig iyo "Austrian Montecassino"
Iyo baroque Benedictine monastery yeGöttweig shongwe zvisina mubvunzo pa422 m pamusoro pegungwa pamucheto wekumabvazuva kweWachau, pachikomo chakatarisana neguta reKrems. Göttweig Abbey inonziwo "Austrian Montecassino" nekuda kwenzvimbo yayo yemakomo.
Prehistoric inowanikwa paGöttweiger Berg, kubva kuBronze neIron Ages, inopupurira kugadzirisa kwekutanga. Kusvika muzana ramakore rechi 5 pakanga paine kugara kwevaRoma pagomo uye mugwagwa unobva kuMautern/ Favianis uchienda kuSt. Pölten/ Aelium Cetium.
Bhishopi Altmann von Passau akavamba Göttweig Abbey muna 1083. Semusha wemweya, imba yemamongi yeBenedictine yaivewo musimboti wesimba, hutungamiriri nebhizimusi. Iyo Erentrudis chapel, iyo yekare castle, iyo crypt uye chancel yechechi zvivakwa kubva panguva yekutanga.
Iyo Göttweig Abbey, imba yemamongi yakashongedzerwa yaisanganisira machechi, machapel, dzimba dzekugara uye zvivakwa zvemapurazi, yakawedzera zvakanyanya muMiddle Ages. Munguva yoKuchinja, musha wemamongi weGöttweig wakatyisidzirwa nokuderera kwechiKaturike. Kuchinja-chinja kwakamutsidzira hupenyu hwemamongi.
Moto muna 1718 wakaparadza chikamu chikuru cheGöttweig monastery complex. Panyaya yeurongwa hwepasi, kuvakazve baroque kwakarongwa naJohann Lucas von Hildebrandt, zvichibva pamuenzaniso weimba yemamongi El Escorial.
Zvitarisiko zvakakosha mumamongi ndiyo museum mubapiro rehumambo, masitepisi emambo ane sirin'i fresco naPaul Troger kubva muna 1739, makamuri emuchinda neamambo uye chechi yemubatanidzwa ine crypt uye cloister.
Munguva yeBaroque, iyo Göttweiger Abbey Library yaive imwe yemaraibhurari akatanhamara munyika inotaura chiGerman. Muunganidzwa wemimhanzi wakakosha muraibhurari yeGöttweig Abbey yakakodzera kutaurwa.
Canons yeDürnstein uye denga-blue tower
Kwakabva imba yemamongi yeDürnstein yaive Marienkapelle yakapihwa naElsbeth von Kuenring muna 1372.
Muna 1410, Otto von Maissau akawedzera chivako ichi kuti chibatanidze imba yemamongi, iyo yaakapa kumabhuku eAugustinian kubva kuWittingau muBohemia.
Mukati mezana ramakore rechi 15, chivako chacho chakawedzerwa kuti chibatanidze chechi uye chivako.
Chitarisiko chazvino cheDürnstein Abbey chinodzokera kuProbst Hieronymus Übelbacher.
Akanga akanyatsodzidza uye aifarira unyanzvi nesayenzi. Nehungwaru hwekutonga kwehupfumi, akaronga kugadziridzwa kwebaroque kweimba yemamongi, achifunga nezveGothic monastery complex. Joseph Munggenast ndiye aive maneja wekuvaka, uye Jakob Prandtauer akagadzira gonhi rekupinda uye nechivanze chemongi.
Chivako cheDürnstein Abbey ivhu revhu uye yemasitadhi yero, shongwe yekereke, yakanyorwa muna 1773, yebhuruu nechena. Munguva yekudzoreredzwa kubva muna 1985-2019, ma invoice e smalt-blue dhayi (potassium silicate girazi rine ruvara rwebhuruu ine cobalt (II) oxide) akawanikwa mumonastery archive.
Sezvo zvaifungidzirwa kuti shongwe yechechi yechechi yeDürnstein yakanga yakapendwa nepigment kubva muupfu hwegirazi recobalt panguva yekuvakwa, yakagadziridzwa nenzira iyi. Nhasi, shongwe yeDürnstein Abbey inopenya denga-bhuruu sechiratidzo cheWachau.
MaCanons eDürnstein akabviswa muna 1788 ndokupihwa kuAugustinian Canons yeHerzogenburg.
Schönbühel Castle uye Servite Monastery
Schönbühel Castle pane spur, 36m pamusoro peDanube pamusuwo weWachau, pamwe chete neServitenkloster, inoonekwa kubva kure, inoumba chiratidziro chechivako chine chekuita nenzvimbo muDanube landscape. Iyo nharaunda yenhare yakaoma yakanga yatogarwa muBronze Age uyezve nevaRoma.
Kutanga kwezana remakore rechi9 Schönbühel yaive ye diocese yePassau. Muna 1396 iyo "castrum Schoenpuhel" yakauya mumaoko eCounts of Starheberg kusvika 1819. Nhare iri pamusoro pematombo maviri muDanube, inonyanya kuzivikanwa se "Kuh neKalbl", yakagamuchira chimiro chayo chiripo muzana remakore rechi19.
Kubva 1927, iyo castle estate yanga iri ye Counts yeSeilern-Aspang. Imba yese yemuzinda ndeyavo uye haina kuvhurika kune veruzhinji.
Muzana ramakore rechi 16, Schönbühel yakanga iri muzinda weReformation pasi pe Counts of Starheberg. Atendeukira kuchiKaturike muna 1639, Konrad Balthasar von Starhemberg akatanga imba yemamongi yeServite pamusoro pemadziro eDonauwarte yakanga yaparara.
Guva raKristu chapel rakavakwa munzvimbo yekwaya yechechi yemamongi yeSt. Rosalia uye mune crypt mufananidzo wakasarudzika weGrotto reKuberekwa kweBethlehem. Mapako akaita senzvimbo iyi yekuberekerwa yakafanana nekugara kwevagari vekutanga veBhetrehema.
Kubudirira kwemamongi nechechi yepilgrimage kwakagara kusvika pakuvandudzwa kwemamongi eJosephine.
Kushomeka kwevaprista uye kurasikirwa kwenheyo nekuda kwekusatenda kwakaunza monastery mumatambudziko. Chechi nezvivako zvemamongi zvakaregeredzwa uye zvakava zvisina kunaka. Muna 1980 vaprista vokupedzisira vakasiya musha wemamongi. Zvivakwa zvemamongi zvakadzoserwa kuSchönbühel castle maererano nechibvumirano chenheyo.
Aggsbach Charterhouse
Heidenreich von Maissau nemudzimai wake Anna kubva kumhuri yeKuenringer vakapa Aggsbach Charterhouse muna 1380.
Mukova weimba yemamongi wakanga uri kumadokero kweshongwe huru yegedhi.
Makereke eCarthusian akange asina shongwe uye kana purupiti kana nhengo, nekuti sezvaingoita maFranciscans neTrappists ekutanga rumbidzo yaMwari yaifanira kuimbwa nemamongi mumakereke eCarthusian.
Muzana remakore rechi16 mamongi matatu chete aigara muimba yemamongi uye somugumisiro zvivakwa zvakawira mukuparara. Around 1600 imba yemamongi yakadzoreredzwa muRenaissance style uye chechi muzana remakore rechi17. renovated.
Emperor Josef II akabvisa imba yemamongi muna 1782, nzvimbo yacho yakatengeswa uye imba yemamongi yakashandurwa kuita muzinda. Pfuma yeimba yemamongi yakazosvika kuHerzogenburg: atari yeGothic kubva muna 1450, Aggsbach yakakwirira atari naJörg Breu Mukuru. 1501, chivezwa chemapuranga, atari yaMikaeri kubva muna 1500 uye shrine yemapuranga.
Iyo museum uye gadheni rekufungisisa, basa rakaitwa nemuimbi Marianne Maderna, rine chinangwa chekuunza vashanyi pedyo nehupfumi hwemweya hwevaCarthusians.
Tourism muWachau - kubva kunzvimbo dzekutandarira dzezhizha kusvika kuzororo rezhizha
Zororo rezhizha muWachau rinopa mikana yakawanda yekuona Wachau nenzira inoshingaira uye yakasununguka. Nechikepe kubva kuKrems kuenda kuMelk paDanube uye kumashure neWachaubahn yerudo, unogona kusangana neWachau nenzira yakakosha. Kana kutenderera uchitevedza Danube Cycle Path uchitevedza yakasarudzika nzvimbo yerwizi. Kufamba kwakasiyana-siyana kunowanikwa paWorld Heritage Trail, munzvimbo yakachengetedzwa ine nzvimbo huru dzepamusoro pamusoro pemupata weDanube. Kushambira muDanube kunovimbisa kuzorodzwa mumazuva anopisa ezhizha. Mataundi ekare, nhare, dzimba dzemamongi nedzimba dzemadzimambo pamwe nemamiziyamu zvinopa vashanyi vanofarira ruzivo rwetsika uye zviitiko zvinokurudzira.
Vedare redzimhosva vaidzokera kuminda yavo mumwedzi inopisa yezhizha. Kutevedzera iyi nzanga, iyo "yezhizha nzvimbo yekutandarira" yakagadziridzwa kuita bazi rakasiyana reindasitiri mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakapoteredza 1800.
Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo Wachau yakawanikwa serwendo uye nzvimbo yezororo. Runako rwe "mazuva ekare" uye nzvimbo yakasarudzika yakakwezva maartist.
Kugara munyika yacho yakanga iri nhau yomukurumbira wezvemari, mutoro wenzanga. Yaibatsira hutano, yaive kukanganisa kwehupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kana chido chekuda nyika. Vakuru vepamusoro uye vepamusoro vairarama hupenyu hwakaoma mudzimba dzavo dzezororo nemahotera makuru.
Vashanyi vezhizha vakasarudza nzvimbo yezororo yavaishanyira vashanyirazve. Kubva munaJune kusvika munaSeptember, kusvika kumwedzi mitatu, ine mikwende mikuru nevaranda, mhuri yose yakapedza zhizha munzvimbo yezhizha, dzimwe nguva pasina vanababa vaifanira kuenderera mberi nebhizimisi.
Nekuda kwemutemo wepamutemo wenguva yekuzorora uye kodzero yezororo yevashandi vanoshanda, kwaive kumagumo kwezana ramakore re19. zvakare zvinogoneka kune vane ropafadzo petit bourgeois kana nhengo dzeboka revashandi kufamba.
“Vanhu vaduku” vaigara mudzimba dzega. Nhengo dzemhuri dzechirume dzechirume dzaingoenda kunzvimbo yekutandarira yechirimo manheru kana neSvondo uye vaiunza chikafu chemhuri pamwe chete navo.
Munguva yehondo, "Busserlzug" ane mukurumbira aimhanya Mugovera woga woga masikati kubva kuVienna Franz-Josefs-Bahnhof kuenda kuKamptal, semuenzaniso.
Akamira pazviteshi zvose. Madzimai nevana vakanga vakamirira pamapuratifomu vanababa vaisvika vachibva kuguta guru.
Pashure peHondo yeNyika Yokutanga, nhamo huru yezvemari nokuperevedza kwezvokudya zvakanga zvakakura, naizvozvo kudyisa vagari vomunzvimbomo kwakanga kuri chinhu chokutanga. Kutsamwira vanhu vausingazivi ndiko kwakanga kwagara kuchiitika.
Mushure mekupera kwehondo, hyperinflation yakaiswa mukati uye mwero pamisika yekunze yakadonha. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo Austria yakava imwe yenzvimbo dzakachipa dzezororo kune vashanyi vekunze. Paive nechinodikanwa chevhiza muEurope mumaXNUMX, kuburikidza iyo nyika zhinji dzakazvidzivirira.
Izvi zvakabviswa pakati peGerman Reich neAustria muna 1925.
Kushanya kwemazuva edu kwakabuda kubva kunzvimbo yezhizha. Kugeza mumadziva, murwizi, kukwira makomo uye kukwira makomo uye kumwe kuvaraidza kwakadai setiyeta, zviitiko zvemimhanzi uye zvechinyakare zvinodzokororwa mhemberero zvinopihwa kune vashanyi vezhizha nhasi.
zvipfeko uye tsika
Iyo Wachau festival costume iri munguva yeBiedermeier pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi19. developed. Inowanzopfekwa pamafaro uye zviitiko zvechinyakare.
Mhemberero yefesheni yevakadzi ine yakafara, refu siketi ine spenser-yakafanana bodice uye inoputika maoko, akagadzirwa nediki kana pateni machira ebrocade. Kupinza kwemutsipa kunonamirwa. Apuroni yesirika yakasungirirwa pamusoro pesiketi.
Bhoneti regoridhe reWachau neshangu dzakasungwa zvinotsigira zvipfeko zvemutambo. Sebasa rakakosha remaoko rakagadzirwa nebhurodhi, sirika nerezi yegoridhe, hood yegoridhe yeWachau yaive chiratidzo chechimiro chevakadzi vane rombo vepakati.
Vakadzi vanobva kuWachau vanopfeka blue-print dirndl yakagadzirwa nekotoni sechipfeko chavo chemazuva ose. Mucheka wakachena nepeteni diki pane yebhuruu kumashure uye inowedzerwa nechena dirndl blouse uye plain dark blue apron.
Chipfeko chemhemberero chevarume chine mabhureki madema emabvi, masokisi machena uye velvet kana silk brocade gilet vest inopfekwa pamusoro pehembe chena. Nguo refu yefrock ine mavara akasiyana inodhonzwa pamusoro payo. Hengechepfu yechinyakare yakasungwa netai, shangu nhema dzakasungwa uye ngowani nhema ine uswa hweminhenga yebwe (stone feather grass inodzivirirwa, inokura pauswa hwakaoma muWachau) inopedzisa festive costume.
Chinhu chakakosha chezvipfeko zvemazuva ese zvevarume ndeyechinyakare, yakasimba kwazvo Kalmuck bhachi mune yakajairwa nhema, yebrown uye chena yakatariswa pateni. Inopfekwa nebhurugwa dema, hembe chena yedonje neheti nhema ine pfumbu yematombo.
Mabhachi akagadzirwa nemucheka weKalmuck aive mbatya dzekushanda dzevafambisi vechikepe paDanube. Nekupera kwechinyakare rafting, iyi bhachi yakasimba yakatorwa nevarimi veWachau.
Mhemberero yeSolstice, kubva kuchitendero chezuva kuenda kumutambo wemuchadenga
Musi waChikumi 21, nzvimbo yepamusoro-soro yezuva yakasanganiswa nehusiku hupfupi kwazvo inogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzekuchamhembe kwetropic. Kubva nhasi zvichienda mberi, nguva dzemasikati dzakapfupikiswa.
Zuva raibatanidzwa nemusimboti wechirume mutsika dzekuMadokero uye nemusimboti wechikadzi munyika dzinotaura chiGerman.
Zuva rezhizha, mutambo wechiedza nemoto, kutanga kwezhizha, inzvimbo yakakwirira mukati megore. Kunamatwa kwezuva nechiedza chinodzoka, noukoshi hwezuva nokuda kwokurarama kwapasi, kunodzokera shure kumagamuchidzanwa ekare. Moto uyu unonzi unowedzera simba rezuva, kuchenesa kwemoto uyu kunonzi kunoita kuti mweya yetsvina isaenderane nevanhu nemhuka uye kudzivirira madutu.
MuCentral Europe isati yava chiKristu waiva mutambo wokubereka, uye chipo chakakumbirwawo. Mhemberero huru dzepakati pezhizha muEurope dzinoitika muStonehenge gore rega rega.
Kubva pakuitwa kwechiKristu, kupemberera kwezuva rezhizha kwakabatanidzwawo nezuva remabiko mukukudza Mutsvene Johane Mubapatidzi, Zuva reSt.
Kubva pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi 17, nhamba huru dzemhemberero dzepakati pezhizha dzakanyorwa, nemhemberero dzakanyanya muWachau uye muNibelungengau.
Sezvo mhemberero dzezuva rezuva dzaiwanzokonzera moto wakakomba uye kune vanovhenekera "kutenda mashura kusingakoshi", kwakarambidzwa zvachose muna 1754. Chete muhafu yechipiri yezana ramakore rechi 19 ndipo paipembererwa zvakare semutambo wevanhu.
Mishumo yekufamba nevanyori nevatori venhau yakaita kuti mhemberero dzepakati pechirimo muWachau dzizivikanwe pasi rose panguva iyoyo. Panguva iyoyo, vashanyi vakaororwa nokupenya kwezviuru zvemarambi maduku ekenduru aiyerera paDanube.
Gore rega rega kutenderedza Chikumi 21st, dunhu reDanube Wachau, Nibelungengau, Kremstal rinoratidzwa nemhemberero dzepakati pezhizha. Zviuru zvevashanyi zviri kutotsvaka nzvimbo dziri pedyo neDanube mukati mezuva kuti zvione chitarisiko chemirwi yehuni inopfuta mumativi ose ari maviri erwizi nezvikomo zvakapoteredza uye mafirework makuru ane mavara ane mavara pamavambo erima.
MuSpitz, mazhenje anopfuura zviuru zvitatu anoiswa uye anovhenekerwa gore rega rega paSpitz wine terraces uye padyo neDanube.
Mafireworks anobatidzwa pachikepe muWeißenkirchen uye nechikepe muArnsdorf. Mapopoma emoto echinyakare anoyerera zvinokatyamadza kubva kumatongo eHinterhaus.
Fireworks ichatevera muRossatzbach neDürnstein, iyo iwe yaunogona kuona zvakanyanya kubva muchikepe manheru.
Makambani akawanda ekutumira anopa nzendo dzehusiku huno sechikamu chemhemberero dzesolstice muWachau uye muNibelungengau.