Ukukhwela ibhayisekile okukhuselekileyo (abakhweli beebhayisikile baphila ngokuyingozi)
Abaqhubi beebhayisikile abaninzi baziva besengozini endleleni. Ukuziva ukhuselekile, abanye abakhweli beebhayisikile bade bakhwele ecaleni kwendlela, nangona ibhayisekile inefuthe elihle kwimpilo. Nangona kunjalo, omnye wemiqobo ephambili yokukhwela ibhayisekile kukukhathazeka ngokhuseleko. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuphucula ukhuseleko ezindleleni kubakhweli beebhayisikile, akunolindelwa kuphela uncedo lwezempilo oluthe ngqo ngendlela yokwenzakala okumbalwa kunye nokufa, kodwa kunye neenzuzo zempilo ezingathanga ngqo ezivela kubantu abaninzi abahamba ngeebhayisikile kunye nokufumana umthambo ngakumbi.
Ukuziva ukhuselekile endleleni
Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuphucula ukhuseleko ezindleleni kubakhweli beebhayisikile kukudala iindledlana zeebhayisikile kunye neendlela zokuhamba ngeebhayisikile. Inyathelo elibanzi lokuphucula ukhuseleko ezindleleni kubakhweli beebhayisikile “kukuphawulwa kwendlela ekwabelwana ngayo”. Oliver Gajda evela kwi IArhente yezothutho kaMasipala waseSan Francisco wayila igama elithi Sharrow ibhayisekile. Yindibaniselwano yamagama "isabelo" kunye "notolo" kwaye imele "ukumakishwa kwendlela ekwabelwana ngayo". Eyona njongo yomfanekiso webhayisekile kukubonisa abakhweli beebhayisikile indawo ekude ngokwaneleyo kumda wasekunene wendlela ukukhusela abakhweli beebhayisikile ekuvuleni ngequbuliso iingcango zemoto.
IiSharrows ekuqaleni zazijoliswe ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko lwabakhweli beebhayisikile ngokutsalela ingqalelo yabaqhubi kwiibhayisikile. Ngenxa yoko, iiSharrows kufuneka kwakhona zincede ekunciphiseni inani labakhweli beebhayisikile abakhwela kwipavumente okanye ngokuchasene necala lokuhamba. IiSharrows zibe yindawo ethandwayo yokutshintshwa kweendleko ezingaphezulu kunye neendlela ezizezinye ezifana neendlela zebhayisekile kunye neendlela zebhayisekile.
Apho iimoto kunye neebhayisekile zabelana ngendlela
"IiSharrows", ukusuka "kwisabelo-ngendlela / iintolo", ichaza iimpawu ezidibanisa ilogo yebhayisekile kunye notolo. Zisetyenziswa apho iimoto neebhayisekile kufuneka zabelane ngomzila ngenxa yokuba abakhweli beebhayisikile abanandawo yesitrato esikhethekileyo. Ezi mpawu zomgangatho kunye neepictogram zebhayisikile zenzelwe ukutsala ingqalelo kubukho babakhweli beebhayisikile. Ngaphezu kwako konke, zenzelwe ukwazisa abakhweli beebhayisikile ngemigama efunekayo esecaleni kwiimoto ezipakishiweyo.
Inqaku langoku elivela kuMnu o.Univ.-Prof. Dipl.-Ing. UGqr. Hermann Knoflacher eyenziwa egameni le-MA 46 yeSixeko saseVienna isifundo kwisiphumo sokumakishwa komgangatho ngeepictogram zebhayisekile endleleni kuvelise iziphumo ezilungileyo.
UProf. Knoflacher iphetha ngokuthi inqanaba lokuqwalaselwa elihlawulwe ngabakhweli beebhayisikile kunye nabaqhubi bemoto litshintshiwe ngokuphawulwa kwendlela ngeepictograms zebhayisekile ukuya kwinqanaba elifanayo nebhayisekile iSharrows.
Iipictograms zebhayisekile ezinentolo ezikhomba indlela ukwandisa imvakalelo yokhuseleko kwizithuthi ezindleleni
Iipictogram zebhayisekile kunye neentolo ezikhombayo ziphucule intsebenziswano yetrafikhi yebhayisekile kunye nezithuthi ezihamba ngeemoto eVienna.
Umgama wokhuseleko olusecaleni kweemoto xa zidlulayo unyuke kakhulu. Inani lee-overtaking maneuvers lehle ngesithathu. Umgama wokhuseleko omkhulu xa ugqitha wenza abakhweli beebhayisikile bazive bekhuselekile. Nangona kunjalo, oko kunokuba yimvakalelo yobuxoki yokhuseleko, njengoko uFerenchak noMarshall am INtlanganiso yoNyaka yama-95 yeBhodi yezoThutho yowama-2016 kuxelwe kwaye ngo-2019 nakwinye isihloko ipapashwe, ngenxa yokuba iindawo ezineebhayisikile kuphela ziye zancipha kakhulu kumonzakalo ngonyaka kunye nabakhweli bebhayisikile abali-100 (ukulimala okumbalwa kwe-6,7) kuneendawo ezinemizila yeebhayisekile (27,5) okanye ezo ndawo zingenazo iindledlana zebhayisekile Kwaye zazingekho iiSharrows (13,5:XNUMX) ).
Inkolelo yokuba ukunxiba isigcina-ntloko sebhayisekile kuyaluphucula ukhuseleko ezindleleni isenokuba yinkohliso ngendlela efanayo. Oko Ukunxiba isigcina-ntloko sebhayisekile kunokonyusa ukuthatha umngcipheko. Isiphumo esilungileyo sokhuseleko sinokuchaswa kukuzimisela okwandisiweyo kokuthatha umngcipheko.
Isihlomelo sama-33 kuMthetho wezoThutho eziNdleleni (StVO) saqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla woku-1 kweyeDwarha yowama-2022. Eyona migaqo ibalulekileyo kubakhweli beebhayisikile ishwankathelwa ngezantsi.
Imithetho yabakhweli beebhayisikile endleleni e-Austria
Umqheba webhayisekile (umkhweli webhayisekile) kufuneka ubuncinane ube neminyaka elishumi elinesibini ubudala; nabani na otyhala ibhayisekile akajongwa njengomkhweli webhayisikile. Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesibini banokuqhuba ibhayisekile kuphela phantsi kweliso lomntu ofikelele kwiminyaka eyi-16 okanye onemvume esemthethweni. Abakhweli bebhayisikile abakhwelisa abantu kwiibhayisekile zabo kufuneka babe neminyaka eyi-16 nangaphezulu.
Jika ekunene kubomvu
Ukuba kukho into ebizwa ngokuba luphawu oluluhlaza, abakhweli beebhayisikile bavumelekile ukuba bajike ngasekunene kwizibane zendlela ezibomvu. Koko kubizwa ngokuba yi "T-junctions" kuyenzeka ukuba uqhubeke ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kukho uphawu oluluhlaza. Imfuneko yazo zombini kukuba abakhweli beebhayisikile bame phambi kwayo kwaye baqinisekise ukuba ukujika okanye ukuqhubeka kuyenzeka ngaphandle kwengozi, ngakumbi kubahambi ngeenyawo.
Ubuncinane bomgama wokugqitha ecaleni xa ugqitha
Xa zigqitha abakhweli beebhayisikile, iimoto kufuneka zigcine umgama omalunga ne-1,5 yeemitha ubuncinane kwiindawo ezakhiweyo kunye nobuncinci beemitha ezi-2 ngaphandle kweendawo ezakhiweyo. Ukuba isithuthi esigqithisayo siqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu se-30 km/h, umgama osecaleni ungacuthwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko ezindleleni.
Ukukhwela okukhuselekileyo ecaleni kwabantwana kwiibhayisekile
Ukuba umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-12 uhamba nomntu oneminyaka engama-16 ubuncinane, kuvumelekile ukukhwela ecaleni komntwana, ngaphandle kweendlela zikaloliwe.
iindawo zokukhwela ibhayisekile
Isibonelelo sokuhamba ngebhayisikile yindlela yebhayisikile, indlela eneenjongo ezininzi, indlela yebhayisikile, indlela yeenyawo kunye nendlela yebhayisikile okanye ukuwela umkhweli webhayisikile. Ukuwela umkhweli webhayisikile yinxalenye yendlela ephawulwe macala omabini ngophawu oluthe tye olunezithuba ezilinganayo ezilungiselelwe ukuba abakhweli beebhayisikile banqumle indlela. Izibonelelo zokukhwela ibhayisekile zinokusetyenziswa kumacala omabini, ngaphandle kokuba iimpawu zomgangatho (iintolo zesalathiso) zichaza ngenye indlela. Umgaqo webhayisikile, ngaphandle kwezitrato eziya kwicala elinye, unokusetyenziswa kuphela kwicala lokuhamba elingqamene nomgaqo okufutshane. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokukhwela ibhayisekile ngezithuthi ezingezizo iibhayisekile akuvumelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, abasemagunyeni banokuvumela izithuthi zezolimo kwaye, kodwa ngaphandle kwendawo eyakhiweyo, izithuthi zeklasi L1e, iimoto ezilula ezinamavili amabini, ukuba ziqhutywe kwiindawo zokuhamba ngebhayisikili kunye nombane. Abaqhubi bezithuthi zenkonzo yokhuseleko loluntu banokusebenzisa izibonelelo zebhayisikile ukuba oku kubalulekile ekusebenzeni ngendlela eyiyo kwenkonzo.
Ukuba i-traffic yonakele yinto ethile endleleni, ngakumbi ngesithuthi esimileyo, inkunkuma, imathiriyeli yokwakha, iimpembelelo zekhaya kunye nokunye okunjalo, isiphathamandla kufuneka silungiselele ukuba into leyo isuswe ngaphandle kokuqhubeka ukuba abakhweli beebhayisikile baza kusebenzisa ibhayisikile. umzila okanye indlela yebhayisekile okanye indlela yeenyawo kunye nendlela yebhayisikile iyathintelwa.
izitalato zebhayisekile
Igunya lingabhengeza izitalato okanye izitalato ukuba zizitrato zeebhayisekile ngommiselo. Abaqhubi bezithuthi abavumelekanga ukuba baqhube ngaphezu kwe-30 km/h kwiindlela zeebhayisekile. Abakhweli beebhayisikile akufuneki babe sengozini okanye bathintelwe.
izitalato zendlela enye
Izitalato zendlela enye, ezikwayizitalato zokuhlala ngaphakathi kwentsingiselo yeCandelo 76b le-StVO, zinokusetyenziswa ngabakhweli beebhayisikile.
iindlela zesibini
Abaqhubi bebhayisikile bavumelekile ukuba baqhube kwiindlela zesibini ukuba akukho mizila yeebhayisikile, iindlela zeebhayisikile okanye iindlela zeenyawo kunye neendlela zokujikeleza.
okubalulekileyo
Inkqubo ye-zipper iyasebenza kubakhweli beebhayisikile kumzila webhayisikile ophela, okanye ngaphakathi kwendawo yendawo kwindlela yebhayisikile ekhokelela ngokuhambelana nayo, ukuba abakhweli beebhayisikile bagcina indlela yokuhamba emva kokuyishiya. Abakhweli bebhayisikile abashiya indlela yebhayisikile okanye indlela yeenyawo kunye nendlela yebhayisikile engaqhubiyo ngokuwela ibhayisekile kufuneka banike ithuba kwezinye izithuthi kwitrafikhi ehambayo.
Ukumisa kunye nokupaka akuvumelekanga kwiindlela zokuhamba ngeebhayisikile, iindlela zokuhamba ngeebhayisikile kunye neendlela zebhayisikile kunye neendlela zeenyawo.
ukuhamba ngebhayisekile
Ezindleleni ezinomzila webhayisikile, iibhayisekile zomzila omnye ngaphandle kwetreyila zinokusebenzisa indlela yebhayisikile ukuba ivunyelwe ukusebenzisa indlela yebhayisikile kwicala azimisele ukuhamba ngalo umkhweli webhayisikile.
Iibhayisikili ezineenqwelwana
Indawo yokukhwela ibhayisekile inokusetyenziswa ngeebhayisekile ezinenqwelwana engekho ngaphezulu kwe-100 cm ububanzi, eneebhayisekile ezineendlela ezininzi ezingekho banzi kune-100 cm, kunye noqeqesho lokukhwela ngeebhayisekile zomdyarho.
Indlela elungiselelwe ezinye iitrafikhi iza kusetyenziselwa iibhayisekile nenye itreyila okanye nezinye iibhayisekile ezineendlela ezininzi.
Ukuhamba ngebhayisikile okude akuvumelekanga kwiipavumente nakwiindlela zeenyawo.
Abakhweli beebhayisikile kufuneka baziphathe kwiindledlana zeenyawo nakwiindledlana zeebhayisekile ngendlela yokuba abahambi ngeenyawo bangabi sengozini.
qhuba ecaleni
Abakhweli bebhayisikile banokukhwela ecaleni komnye umkhweli kwiindlela zebhayisekile, izitalato zebhayisekile, izitalato zokuhlala, kunye neendawo zendibano, kwaye banokukhwela ecaleni-macala ekuqeqesheni ukukhwela ibhayisekile. Kuzo zonke ezinye iindawo zokukhwela ibhayisekile nakwimizila apho isantya esiphezulu se-30 km/h kunye nokuhamba ngebhayisekile kuvunyelwe, ngaphandle kweendlela zikaloliwe, izitalato eziphambili kunye nezitalato eziya kwicala elinye ngokuchasene necala lokuhamba, ibhayisekile enengoma enye inokuba ikhweliswe ecaleni komnye umkhweli webhayisikile, ngaphandle kokuba akukho mntu usengozini , umthamo weemvume zendlela kunye nabanye abasebenzisi bendlela abathintelwa ukuba badlule.
Xa ukhwele ecaleni komnye umkhweli webhayisikile, yindlela ekude yasekunene kuphela enokusetyenziswa kwaye iimoto eziqhelekileyo zendlela azinakuthintelwa.
Ukukhwela ibhayisekile ngokwamaqela
Abakhweli bebhayisikile kumaqela alishumi nangaphezulu bafanele bavunyelwe ukuba banqumle isiphambuka njengeqela kwezinye izithuthi. Xa ungena kwintlangano-ndlela, imigaqo ephambili esebenza kubakhweli beebhayisikile kufuneka iqwalaselwe; umkhweli webhayisikile ngaphambili kufuneka asebenzise imiqondiso yezandla ukubonakalisa isiphelo seqela kwabanye abaqhubi abakwindawo yokuwela kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, wehle kwibhayisekile. Abakhweli beebhayisikile bokuqala nabokugqibela kwiqela kufuneka banxibe ivesti yokhuseleko ekhanyayo.
izithintelo
Akuvumelekanga ukukhwela ibhayisekile ngaphandle kwezandla okanye ukususa iinyawo zakho kwiipedali ngelixa ukhwele, ukukhwela ibhayisekile ukuya kwesinye isithuthi ukuze utsalwe kwaye usebenzise iibhayisekile ngendlela engafanelekanga, umz. ukukhwela i-carousel kunye nokubaleka. Akuvumelekanga nokuthatha ezinye izithuthi okanye izithuthi ezincinci kunye nawe ngelixa uhamba ngebhayisekile kwaye ufowune ngelixa uhamba ngebhayisekile ngaphandle kokusebenzisa isixhobo esingenazandla. Abakhweli bebhayisikile abafowunelayo ngelixa behamba ngebhayisikile ngaphandle kokusebenzisa isixhobo esingenazandla benza ityala lolawulo, eliya kohlwaywa ngomyalelo wesohlwayo ngokulandela § 50 VStG ngesohlwayo se-50 euros. Ukuba intlawulo yentlawulo iyanqatshwa, abasemagunyeni kufuneka babeke isohlwayo ukuya kwi-72 euro, okanye ukuvalelwa ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuba intlawulo ayinakuqokelelwa.
iindawo zokunqumla ngebhayisikile
Abakhweli bebhayisikile banokusondela kuphela kwiindawo zokuwela iibhayisikile, apho itrafikhi ingalawulwa ngengalo okanye ngemiqondiso yokukhanya, kwisantya esiphezulu se-10 km/h kwaye bangakhweli ngqo phambi kwesithuthi esisondelayo kwaye bamangalise umqhubi wayo, ngaphandle kokuba kwindawo ekufutshane Akukho zithuthi. ngoku baqhuba kufutshane.
Nabani na othi, njengomqhubi wesithuthi, abeke emngciphekweni abakhweli beebhayisikile abasebenzisa iindawo zokuwela iibhayisikile ngokwemigaqo, okanye abakhweli beebhayisikile abasebenzisa iindawo zokunqumla iibhayisikile, wenza ityala lolawulo kwaye unoxanduva lokuhlawula isohlwayo esiphakathi kwe-EUR 72 kunye ne-EUR 2, okanye ukuvalelwa entolongweni. phakathi kweeyure ezingama-180 kunye neeveki ezintandathu ukuba aziqokelelwanga ngokufanelekileyo, zikhubazekile.
Ukupaka iibhayisekile
Iibhayisekile kufuneka zimiswe ngendlela yokuba zingakwazi ukuwa okanye zithintele iimoto. Ukuba indledlana esecaleni kwendlela ingaphezulu kwe-2,5 m ububanzi, iibhayisekile zinokumiswa ecaleni kwendlela; oku akusebenzi kwindawo yokumisa izithuthi zikawonke-wonke, ngaphandle kokuba iiracks zebhayisekile zisekwe apho. Iibhayisekile kufuneka zimiswe kwipavumente ngendlela eyonga isithuba ukuze abahambi ngeenyawo bangathintelwa kwaye izinto zingonakali.
Ukuthwala izinto ngebhayisekile
Izinto ezithintela ukuguquka kolwalathiso ekubonisweni okanye eziphazamisa imbono ecacileyo okanye inkululeko yokuhamba-hamba yomqhubi webhayisikile okanye ezinokubeka abantu engozini okanye zonakalise izinto, ezifana neesarha ezingakhuselekanga okanye izikali, iiambrela ezivulekileyo kunye nokunye okunjalo, akuvumelekanga ukuba kuqhutywe phezu ibhayisekile.
abantwana
Abantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-12 kufuneka basebenzise isigcina-ntloko sokuphazamiseka ngendlela ecetywayo xa bekhwele ibhayisekile, xa behanjiswa ngenqwelwana yebhayisekile naxa beqhutywa ngebhayisekile.
Nabani na obeke iliso emntwaneni okhwele ibhayisekile, eyithwala ngebhayisekile okanye eyihambisa ngenqwelwana yebhayisekile kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba umntwana usebenzisa isigcina-ntloko esingqushiweyo ngendlela acetywa ngayo.
Ukhulele eBregenz, wafunda eVienna, ngoku uhlala eDanube eWachau.
Shiya iMpendulo