Bhubhisa isakhiwo esingemuva
Amanxiwa esigodlo sase-Hinterhaus ayinqaba ephezu kwegquma ebusa ekugcineni eningizimu-ntshonalanga yedolobha lezimakethe iSpitz an der Donau, endaweni enamadwala eyehlela kakhulu eningizimu-mpumalanga nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga ukuya eDanube, maqondana nentaba yamabhakede ayinkulungwane. . Amanxiwa enqaba yase-Hinterhaus ayinkimbinkimbi emide endaweni ephakemeyo endaweni ephakathi kwe-Spitzer Graben ne-Danube, eyakhiwe indawo ephansi ye-Elferkogel, indawo ephakeme ye-Jauerling massif.
Isakhiwo esingemuva kwakuyinqaba engenhla yombuso waseSpitz, eyayibizwa nangokuthi indlu engaphezulu ukuze ihlukanise nenqaba ephansi etholakala emzaneni. I-Formbacher, umndeni omdala we-Bavarian count, kungenzeka kube abakhi besakhiwo esingemuva. Ngo-1242 i-fief yadluliselwa kumakhosi ase-Bavaria yi-Niederaltaich Abbey, eyanikezela kuma-Kuenringers kamuva njengendawo encane. Laba bavumela umthetho wokugqekeza. I-Hinterhaus Castle yasebenza njengesikhungo sokuphatha. Indawo ye-Hinterhaus Castle yakhethwa ngakolunye uhlangothi ukulawula isigodi saseDanube futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi ngenxa yokuthi uxhumano lwezohwebo lwasendulo lwalusuka eDanube ludlule eSpitzer Graben luya eBohemia ngqo ngezansi.
Ngo-1256, i-Hinterhaus yayiyinqaba ebhaliwe ye-Kuenring feudal knight u-Arnold von Spitz. AbakwaKuenringers kwakuwumndeni wongqongqoshe base-Austrian, ekuqaleni ababeyizinceku ezingakhululekile ze-Babenbergs, umndeni wase-Austrian margrave kanye nomndeni we-ducal odabuka e-Franconia-Bavarian. Ukhokho we-Kuenringer ngu-Azzo von Gobatsburg, indoda eqotho futhi ecebile eyafika endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi i-Lower Austria ngekhulu le-11 ngemva kwendodana ka-Babenberg Margrave Leopold I. Phakathi nekhulu le-12, abakwaKuenringers baqala ukubusa eWachau, okuthe, ngaphezu kweNqaba yaseHinterhaus, yahlanganisa neDürnstein kanye ne-Aggstein Castles, iHinterhaus Castle iyinqaba yokuqala ezansi nomfula ngasosebeni lwesobunxele lweDanube.
Kwaze kwaba yilapho beshona ngo-1355, i-Hinterhaus yayiyisihlalo samaKuenringers njengabaphathi bezikhulu zaseBavaria. Owase-Austria ucansi lwabefundisi, isakhiwo esingemuva njengesibambiso. ENkathini Ephakathi, kwakuyinto evamile ukuba ababusi babolekise ngezindawo noma izindawo zabo ukuze bathole imali ebolekiwe. Phakathi nengxabano yobuzalwane baseHabsburg mayelana nokugcinwa kwengane encane u-Albrecht V., u-Hinterhaus wathathwa futhi wabhujiswa ngo-1409. Ngo-1438, uDuke Ernst waseBavaria wathatha inqaba e-Otto IV yaseMaissau futhi waqasha abanakekeli. Ngemva kwalokho yabuye yakhiwa. Ngo-1493 iHinterhaus Castle yathathwa amasosha aseHungary.
Ngo-1504 i-Hinterhaus Castle yaba ubukhosi, impahla yaseBavaria e-Austria yawela kuMbusi uMaximilian I ngemva kokuphela kwengxabano yefa laseBavaria, eyaqeda ukuvela ngaphandle kwalesi sifunda. Njengoba isakhiwo esingemuva sasingakaze kuhlale muntu kusukela ngo-1500, saqala ukubola. Ababusi babencamele indawo emaphakathi neLower Castle enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeSpitz. Ngenxa yosongo lwaseTurkey olucashile, iHinterhaus Castle yaphinde yaqiniswa engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-16.
Phakathi neMpi Yeminyaka Engamashumi Amathathu, iSpitz yaphangwa futhi yashiswa izinsuku ezine ngo-1620 amasosha asePoland oMbusi WamaKatolika uFerdinand II, eziphindiselela kusquire waseSpitz uHans Lorenz II von Kueffstain, umkhuzi wamaProthestani. Ngemva kwalokho, iHinterhaus Castle ecekeleke phansi yashiywa ukuba ibole. Lapho amabutho amaFulentshi kaNapoleon ehamba egudla iDanube elibangise eVienna ngo-1805 no-1809, isakhiwo esasivele sibhidlikile saphinde sonakala kakhulu.
Ingxenye ye-Romanesque Castle ye-Hinterhaus Castle kusukela ngekhulu le-12 nele-13 yandiswa ikakhulukazi ngekhulu le-15. Kunodonga oluvalekile oluwunxande olude, oluguqulelwe endaweni futhi lugotshwe izikhathi ezimbalwa, olunamakona angu-4 ayindilinga, anezitezi ezi-2 ezenziwe ngamatshe amatshe enkwali angamahhafu anezimpiko ezivuselelwe ezingamanxande. Imibhoshongo emibili esempumalanga yayihloselwe ukuvikela i-crossbow, kuyilapho ama-bastion asentshonalanga ayedizayinelwe ukulwa nama-arquebus, njengoba kungabonakala ezintubeni ezahlukene.
Ukufinyelela enqabeni kudlula indlela engumqansa ukusuka enyakatho. Odongeni lwendandatho olusenyakatho-mpumalanga ungafinyelela i-bailey yangaphandle ebude nge-portal eyindilinga. Enye ingosi ene-arched ene-pecherker iholela egcekeni lenqaba eya ePalas ephakathi nendawo.
Endaweni ephakeme kakhulu ye-complex, ekhoneni elisenyakatho-ntshonalanga yenqaba, indawo yokugcina yesikwele engu-20 m, esukela ezikhathini zamaRoma. Indawo enkulu yokugcina inezitezi eziningi futhi iqukethe i-ashlar masonry, amafasitela ane-arched kanye nemifantu engunxande. Esitezi sesi-2 kukhona i-vault eyi-groined eyenziwe ngamatshe amatshe enkwali, embhoshongweni osekhoneni elisenyakatho-ntshonalanga kukhona indawo engaphansi enezingqimba eziyindilinga futhi egcekeni lesi-2 kukhona umgodi. Umnyango ophakeme wenqaba ungamamitha ayisithupha ngaphezu komhlaba. Kumatshe odongeni olusenyakatho-mpumalanga, izitebhisi zihamba ukusuka esitezi sokuqala ukuya esitezi esilandelayo, lapho izitebhisi zensimbi ziholela endaweni yesikhulumi sokuzivikela, esaguqulwa saba indawo yokubuka. Ngaphansi kwezindonga ezigcinwe kahle zezindonga zangaphandle, izimbobo zemishayo yodonga lwangaphambili zingabonakala.
Ngemuva kwendawo yokugcina, udonga oluphakeme noluqinile luhlukanisa inqaba enkulu ne-bailey esentshonalanga. Le ngxenye yezinsuku eziyinkimbinkimbi ikakhulukazi engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-16. Ngekhulu leminyaka emuva, lapho ukwanda kokuhlasela kweTurkey kwenza ukwanda kokufakwa kwezempi kwaba kuhle.
Amanxiwa aseHinterhaus manje asengawakwa- Idolobha lemakethe laseSpitz eDanube. Izinyathelo zokunakekela ezidingekayo zenziwa inhlangano yezokuvakasha iSpitz. Amanxiwa e-Hinterhaus afinyeleleka ngokukhululekile kubavakashi.
Indawo ephakeme minyaka yonke umgubho waphakathi nehlobo ngoJuni, lapho uhlaka lwamanxiwa e-Hinterhaus luboniswa ngoxhaxha lwezibani lapho kuhwalala.
Imithombo elandelayo, phakathi kwabanye, yasetshenziselwa ukudala lesi sihloko: I-Dehio Lower Austria kanye spitz-wachau.at. Izithombe zonke zivela ku-Mag. Brigitte Pamperl.
Okufakiwe okulandelayo kukhombisa umzila uma ufuna ukuchezukela emanxiweni ase-Hinterhaus ngebhayisikili le-e usuka e-Donauplatz e-Oberarnsdorf. Kungcono ukubheka ukubuka kuqala kwe-3D kunoma yikuphi. Vele uchofoze kukho.
