Wachau
usebe oluseningizimu-mpumalanga yeDanube
ubisi
Isigodlo nesigodlo sezindela kuseningizimu-mpumalanga ngaphansi kwenqaba yokuqala eyakhiwe ethafeni eliphakeme elinamatshe eMelk naseDanube.
Isigodlo sezindela saseBenedictine siphethe idolobha ngenxa yendawo kanye nobukhulu baso futhi sasinamalungelo okuphatha phezu kwedolobha.
Igama elithi medilica lashiwo okokuqala embhalweni ngo-831.
Ngenxa yendawo yayo eDanube nasemgwaqweni omdala wasebukhosini, iMelk yayiyisikhungo sokuhweba esibalulekile sikasawoti, insimbi newayini futhi yayiyisihlalo sehhovisi lentela nentela, kanye nesikhungo sezinhlangano eziningi.
Isikwele semakethe eMelk sakhiwa njengesikwele esingunxande ngekhulu le-13. kudaliwe.
Kuze kube sekhulwini le-14 Isakhiwo sedolobha esisabonakala nanamuhla sidalwe ngaphakathi kodonga lwangaphambili lwedolobha. Izakhiwo ezisedolobheni elidala zisukela ngekhulu le-15 nele-16.
Isonto ledolobha elizimele le-neo-Gothic lakhiwa ngekhulu le-15. yasungulwa.
Umlando wedolobha laseMelk elinezinto zalo zomlando ezifana ne- "Haus am Stein", ikhemisi lendawo noma iposi elidala kunawo wonke e-Austria lichazwa emabhodini emininingwane ezakhiweni zedolobha. Umlando wedolobha laseMelk ungazwakala kusetshenziswa umhlahlandlela olalelwayo, ongabolekwa ku-Wachau Info Center.
Ngemva kokususwa kwezindonga zedolobha ngekhulu le-19. indawo yokuhlala yanwetshwa yisifunda se-cottage, ipaki yedolobha kanye nesakhiwo sokuphatha. Ngo-1898 iMelk yathola amalungelo edolobha.
Ibonakala kude, i-Freiherr von Birago barracks ikhona maqondana ne-Stiftsfelsen kusukela ngo-1913. Kusukela ngo-1944 kuya ku-1945 kwakukhona ikamu elincane lekamu lokuhlushwa laseMauthausen kule ndawo, lapho amabhola akhiqizwa khona uSteyr Daimler Puch AG.
I-Schoenbuehel
Cishe ngo-1100 indawo yaseSchönbühel yayiphethwe ngumbhishobhi wasePassau.
Le ndawo iyidolobhana elinemigwaqo eminingi ngaphansi kwenqaba, eyakhiwe endaweni eyidwala eyidwala ngaphezu kweDanube.
Eduze komgwaqo omazombezombe oholela ezansi usuka enqabeni, ukuthuthukiswa okuxekethile kubonisa indawo yedolobha. ESchönbühel kwakunomphakathi omkhulu wamaJuda owawunesinagoge kwaze kwaba ngu-1671.
Kusukela ngo-1411 iSchönbühel yayiphethwe umndeni wakwaStarheberg. I-Schönbühel yayingekhulu le-16 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17. phakathi kwama-Starhebergs njengesikhungo sobuProthestani. Abazange nje bamelele ukukhathazeka kwezenkolo, kodwa futhi basekela izinjongo zenhlangano yezinkampani ngokumelene nababusi ababelwela i-absolutism.
EMpini YaseNtaba Emhlophe eduze kwasePrague (1620), phakathi “neMpi Yeminyaka Engamashumi Amathathu,” ibutho lamaProthestani lamaBohemian kanye neStarheberg lanqotshwa uMbusi ongumKatolika uFerdinand II.
UKonrad Balthasar von Starheberg waguqukela ebuKatolika ngo-1639. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, abakwa-Starhembegers bathole izindawo ezinkulu, naseBohemia naseHungary. Zenziwe uMbusi uFerdinand III. kuma-Imperial Counts nangekhulu le-18. wakhushulelwa esikhundleni sokuba yinkosana yombuso futhi wahlonishwa ngezikhundla eziphakeme.
UKonrad Balthasar von Starhemberg wasungula isigodlo sezindela eduze kwaseSchönbühel Castle ngo-1666 futhi wasinikeza izindela zeServite ngemva kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili yokwakhiwa.
Ukudlondlobala kwesigodlo sezindela saseSchönbüheler Servite esinesonto lokuhambela kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba yizinguquko zesigodlo sezindela saseJosephine. Ngo-1980 isigodlo sezindela saseServite eSchönbühel sahlakazwa.
Idolobhana lase-Aggsbach
Idolobhana elincane eliwumugqa we-Aggsbach-Dorf litholakala endaweni egcwele izikhukhula phansi kwegquma lenqaba. Izakhiwo zokuhlala kusukela ekhulwini le-19 nelama-20 zilandelana ne-Donauuferstrasse.
Kube khona isigayo sesando e-Aggsbach Dorf kusukela ngekhulu le-16. I-forge yayisetshenziswa ngamandla amanzi, ngokusebenzisa ichibi elaliphakelwa yi-Wolfsteinbach.
I-smithy e-Aggsbach-Dorf ikhokhele inkokhiso ku-charterhouse engumakhelwane. Umnikazi uJosef Pehn wasebenza njengomkhandi wensimbi wokugcina kwaze kwaba ngu-1956.
Isigayo sesando sabuyiselwa esimweni saso sokuqala futhi savulwa kabusha ngo-2022 njengesikhungo sokusebenza ngensimbi.
I-Aggsteinerhof kusukela ngekhulu le-17/18 itholakala enyakatho yedolobha osebeni lweDanube. ikhulu leminyaka
Kuze kube ngu-1991 kwakukhona indawo yokuthutha kanye neposi. Ibhilidi elixhumene nalo elingunombolo 14 kusukela ngo-1465 ekuqaleni laliyi-toll house futhi kamuva lasetshenziswa njengendawo yokulala yamahlathi.
St. Johann im Mauerthale
I-St. Johann im Mauerthale iyindawo yokuvakasha kanye nendawo yokuwela yogandaganda abadonsayo.
Isonto lokuqala lakhiwa ngo-800 AD, ngekhulu le-13. isifunda sesonto sasingaphansi kwesigodlo sezindela saseSalzburg saseSt. Isitokwe sokwakha samanje sisuka engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-15.
Kwakukhona amathuna azungeze isonto, okwakuhloselwe abashonile ngokuyinhloko abavela eMaria Langegg, inkantolo yesifunda yaseSalzburg kanye nenkantolo yokuphatha kusukela ngo-1623.
Umbhoshongo waseRoma, odonga lwawo olusenyakatho lufinyelela ezingeni lophahla lwesonto, luhlanganiswe nesonto legatsha laseSt. UJohannes uhlanganiswe e-St. Johann im Mauerthale.
Umdwebo wesikhumbuzo seRomanesque ongasekho kusukela ngo-1240 ungabonakala ngaphakathi kwesonto.
I-fresco enkulu ye-St. Christopher kusukela ngekhulu le-16 yayipendwe odongeni olungaphandle olubheke eDanube. obala.
I-St. Johann iyindawo engcwele yomthombo. Ihlelo lomthombo lihlanganisa imikhosi emidala yobhapathizo nokukhulekelwa kukaSt. John, u-Albinus obusisiwe kanye nomngane wakhe uSt. Rosalia.
U-Albinus wayengumfundi futhi kamuva waba yinhloko yesikole esaziwayo sesonto lombhishobhi e-York. Wayebhekwa njengesazi esikhulu kunazo zonke ngesikhathi sakhe. Ngo-781 u-Albinus wahlangana noCharlemagne eParma. U-Albinus waba umeluleki onethonya kuCharlemagne ezindabeni zombuso nesonto.
Indawo engcwele yomthombo eduze nesonto, i-baroque Johannesbrunnen, izungezwe udonga lwamatshe enkwali. Amakholomu amane azungeze umthombo asekela uphahla lwe-shingle olumise okwensimbi. Esikhathini esidlule, indawo yokukhulekela yayihanjelwa kakhulu ngezinsuku zokuhambela isonto, kangangokuthi abefundisi abambalwa babesemsebenzini wesonto ngalezi zinsuku.
Salzburg kanye nezigodi zase-Arns
Selokhu kwanikelwa ngo-860 yiNkosi uLudwig waseJalimane wezinselo zobukhosi ezingama-24 ku-Archdiocese yaseSalzburg, i-Arnsdörfer bekuyinkosi yababhishobhi abakhulu baseSalzburg.
(I-Königshufe isilinganiso senkambu yenkathi ephakathi yomhlaba wasebukhosini osuliwe, 1 Königshufe = 47,7 ha).
Ifa elise-Wachau osebeni olungakwesokudla lwe-Danube libhekisela e-St. Johann im Mauerthale, Oberarnsdorf, Hofarnsdorf, Mitterarnsdorf kanye ne-Bacharnsdorf. Igama elithi Arnsdorf libuyela ku-Archbishop Arn(o), owayengumbhishobhi omkhulu wokuqala wesifundabhishobhi esisha sase-Salzburg kanye no-abbot wesigodlo sezindela saseBenedictine sase-St.
Isonto lesifunda eHofarnsdorf linikezelwe eSt. Kunikezelwe kuRupert. U-Rupert wayeyizicukuthwane zaseFranconia, umsunguli we-Salzburg kanye no-abbot wokuqala we-St. Peter's Abbey.
Isifunda-bhishobhi sase-Chiemsee, i-Salzburg Cathedral Chapter, i-Benedictine Abbey yase-St. Peter, i-Benedictine Abbey yase-Nonnberg, i-Benedictine Abbey yase-Admont, i-Augustinian Canons yase-Höglwörth, i-Salzburg Citizens' Hospital yase-St. Blasius kanye neSonto Lesonto Idolobha laseSalzburg-Mülln lalihlome ngezindawo zokukhiqiza iwayini.
Ngaphezu kwesiFundabhishobhi esikhulu saseSalzburg, iSahluko seKhathedrali saseSalzburg sasinempahla enamalungelo azo okufundisa. Ipherishi yaseHofarnsdorf yayinakekelwa yisahluko sesonto laseSalzburg.
Ukubaluleka kwezakhiwo zaseSalzburg kulele ekukhiqizweni kwewayini. Ukulima okuxubile kwakuyinto evamile ezweni lewayini, okuhlanganisa ukulima, imfuyo yokuziphilisa kanye namahlathi. Isigayo e-Kupfertal kwakungesepulazini, futhi umshini wokugcina washona ngo-1882.
Abalimi bewayini babehlezi bengcono kunabalimi. Ukulima iwayini kwakuyisiko elikhethekile elidinga ulwazi olukhethekile, ngakho izicukuthwane kanye nesonto bathembele kubalimi bewayini. Njengoba abalimi bewayini kwakungadingeki basebenze ngerobhothi lezandla, akuzange kube khona ukuvukela endaweni okulinywa ngayo iwayini eWachau ngesikhathi sezimpi zabalimi.
Umphathi eHofarnsdorf wayeyisikhulu esibaluleke kakhulu sombhishobhi omkhulu wenkosana. I-Bergmeister yayibhekene ne-viticulture ngokwayo. Amagilebhisi ayecutshungulwa emagcekeni okuvuna ezigodlweni zezindela.
Izindawo zokufundisa zanikeza izwe labo lewayini "isitoko" futhi laqashiswa, ngokwesibonelo, ngebhakede lesithathu. Umhlengikazi, njengesikhulu esizimele, wayenomthwalo wemfanelo wokuphatha nokuqoqwa kwentela, kanye nenhloko yenkantolo yabahlengikazi. Inkantolo ephakeme yayiseSpitz eDanube.
Ngo-1623 uHanns Lorenz v. UKueffstain enkantolo yesifunda eLangegg ku-Archbishop Paris v. Lodroni. Inkantolo yesifunda eLangegg yayihlanganisa ukubusa kwenkosana-umbhishobhi omkhulu waseSalzburg, u-Aggsbach kuze kube sekubuseni kweSchönbühel.
Ngokuthatha inkantolo yesifunda, ijele elihambisanayo lalidingeka, ngakho izindandatho zensimbi ezinhlanu zaxhunywa emgodini waseHofarnsdorf 4.
Iwayini laseSalzburg lathathwa lakhuphukela eDanube ngamanzi laya eLinz ngaphansi kokuqondisa "komnikazi wokuthumba". Ukusuka eLinz kuya eSalzburg, izimpahla zazithuthwa emhlabeni ngezinqola.
Iwayini elingazange lidayiswe lingadayiselwa abantu base-"Leutgebhäuser" inns.
Njengomsebenzi wesonto, uthisha wayebhekele izinkonzo zesonto nomculo phakathi nenkonzo, yingakho indlu yesikole eHofansdorf yakhiwe eduze kwesonto. Izingane zaqeqeshwa esikoleni ngokuyinhloko ukuze zifeze imisebenzi ngomoya wesonto.
Ihhovisi lase-Arnsdorf liphinde lahlanganisa namalungelo esikebhe, ukudluliselwa nge-zille ukusuka e-Oberarnsdorf ukuya e-Spitz. Kusukela ngo-1928, isikebhe sekhebula sithathe indawo yokugibela iZille.
Ngo-1803 izikhulu zesonto zachithwa, umthetho wezobufundisi waphela, izimpahla zathathwa abaphathi bezindawo zombuso zeCameralfond futhi kamuva zathengiswa kubantu abazimele. Ukubusa kwe-Arnsdörfer kwahlala eSalzburg kwaze kwaba ngu-1806, inkosana-umbhishobhi omkhulu-Salzburg Meierhof eHofarnsdorf yaguqulwa yaba inqaba ngekhulu le-19. esanda kwakhiwa.
Ngo-1848 ukubusa okubhaliwe kwaphela ngokukhululeka kwabalimi futhi ngenxa yalokho kwasungulwa imiphakathi yezombangazwe.
Okufanelekile ukusho e-Oberarnsdorf igceke lokufunda langaphambili lesigodlo sezindela sase-Benedictine sase-St. Peter e-Salzburg, elakhiwa ngezigaba eziningana kusukela ngekhulu le-15 kuya kwele-18. I-Rupert, inkantolo yangaphambili kanye nengxenye egcinwe kahle yenqaba yaseRoma e-Bacharnsdorf.
i-rosette
Ngo-985/91, uRossatz waqala ukubizwa ngokuthi uRosseza, ophethwe yisigodlo sezindela saseBenedictine eMetten. Njengabasizi benkantolo yaseMetten Abbey, abakwaBabenberg babenobukhosi phezu kukaRossatz.
Banikezela idolobhana ngezimpahla njenge-fief ku-Dürnsteiner Kuenringer. Ngemuva kwamaKuenringers, kwathatha i-Wallseer, kwalandelwa amaqhawe u-Matthäus von Spaurm, uKirchberger kusukela ngo-1548, uGeimann, i-Counts of Lamberg kusukela ngo-1662, uMollart, uSchönborn kusukela ngo-1768.
I-Guts- und Waldgenossenschaft Rossatz yathatha imibuso yangaphambili ngo-1859.
Isifunda saseRossatz, esasungulwa cishe ngo-1300, sasisekupheleni kwekhulu le-14. ihlanganiswe esigodlweni sezindela saseBenedictine saseGöttweig.
Ngesikhathi seNguquko kanye ne-Counter-Reformation, isonto lamaProthestani lakhiwa eRossatzbach ngo-1599 kodwa alizange liqedwe. Kwakukhona indlu yomshumayeli wamaProthestani kanye negumbi lokuthandaza eRossatz.
Izinkonzo zevangeli zazigujwa ngaphandle “e-Evangeliwandl” ngenhla kwesigodi saseRuhr.
I-Viticulture bekulokhu kuwumsebenzi oyinhloko wezakhamizi zaseRossatz kusukela ekuqaleni kweNkathi Ephakathi. Izigodlo eziningi nezindela zazinezivini namapulazi okufunda eRossatz.
Kusukela ngekhulu le-14 kuya kwele-19 indawo eseDanube yayiwujuqu kuRossatz ukuze kuxazululwe abanye abaphathi bemikhumbi. Le ndawo yayinelungelo elidala lendlela futhi iRossatz yayibalulekile njengendawo yokumisa ubusuku bonke abahambi eDanube.
Izindlu ezinhle kakhulu zasendulo, amagceke okufunda angaphambili, kanye nenqaba enegceke leRenaissance inquma isikhungo saseRossatz.
Isifunda-bhishobhi sasePassau eMautern
UMautern wayesemzileni obalulekile wezohwebo. Itholakala e-Danube Limes kanye nendawo yokuwela i-Danube, i-Mautern yayibalulekile njengendawo yokuhweba kanye neposi lamasiko ngosawoti nensimbi.
Ngo-803, ngemva kokuba uMbusi uCharlemagne esenqobe uMbuso Wase-Avar, indawo eyayiyinqaba yaseRoma yahlaliswa kabusha futhi yavikelwa. Udonga lwedolobha langenkathi ephakathi lwaluhambisana kakhulu nezinqaba zamaRoma. Ilungelo lokusebenzisa amandla aphezulu lanikezwa ijaji ledolobha laseMautern kusukela ngo-1277.
Kusukela ngekhulu le-10, uMautern wayengaphansi kwesifunda-bhishobhi sasePassau, nendlunkulu yezokuphatha enqabeni.
I-Margaret Chapel yakhiwe phezu kwezinsalela zodonga lwekamu lamaRoma odongeni lwedolobha eningizimu yedolobha elidala.Izingxenye ezindala kakhulu zisuka ekhulwini lesi-9/10. Ikhulu leminyaka.
Ngo-1083 uMbhishobhi u-Altmann von Passau wafaka ibandla esigodlweni sezindela saseGöttweig. Ibhilidi elisha le-Romanesque elingasekho lakhiwa cishe ngo-1300. Ngo-1571, i-St. Anna Foundation yamisa isibhedlela sikahulumeni lapha. Ngaphakathi, ekamelweni lekwaya, wonke umdwebo odongeni kusukela cishe ku-1300 ugcinwe emdwebeni wohlaka.
I-Nikolaihof yanamuhla, indawo yewayini endala kunazo zonke e-Austria, yafika esigodlweni sezindela sasePassau Augustinian sase-St. Nikola njengepulazi lokuvuna ngo-1075. Nalapha futhi, izingxenye zekhulu le-15 zesakhiwo sanamuhla zihlezi phezu kwezinsalela zezindonga zenqaba yaseRoma iFavianis.
Ukuwela i-Mauterner Danube bekubalulekile kwezomnotho e-Mautern. Ngelungelo lokuhlanganisa ibhuloho nokwakhiwa kwebhuloho lamapulangwe ngo-1463, iMautern yalahlekelwa isikhundla sayo eDanube emadolobheni angamawele aseKrems-Stein.
IZIGODLO
Ukucatshangelwa kwamasu kwakubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwenqaba: ukuvikela imingcele, ukuxosha ukuhlasela kwezitha kanye njengendawo yokukhosela yabantu ngezikhathi zesidingo.
Izinqaba zakhiwa kuwo womabili amabhange eDanube ukuze zilawule ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi.
Lesi nqaba bekuyindawo yokuhlala emele umndeni ohloniphekile kusukela ngeNkathi Ephakathi.
Ukuzivikela manje kwase kuqondiswe nasekubambeni amandla asekhaya, njengasesigodlweni sase-Aggstein embangweni phakathi kukaKuenringer nobukhosi.
Ezindaweni eziseduze, ukubaluleka kwenqaba kwakuhlobene nomuntu wenkosi yenqaba, isikhundla sakhe namandla akhe. Inqaba yayiyisikhungo sobulungisa. Inkantolo ngokwayo yayihlangana endaweni yomphakathi ngaphandle kwenqaba.
Ngokwentshisekelo yenkosi yenqaba, ukuthula nokuvikeleka kwakuyisidingo somsebenzi ophumelelayo wezolimo nezohwebo, ngoba lokhu kwaholela ekukhokhisweni nezintela ukuze kuzuze yena.
Amanxiwa enqaba yaseDürnstein
Lesi sakhiwo senqaba sisendaweni ekahle ephakeme ngaphezu kwedolobha laseDürnstein phezu kwekhoni enamadwala ehlela phezulu eDanube.
U-Azzo von Gobatsburg uthole indawo ezungeze i-Dürnstein e-Tegernsee Abbey, lapho umzukulu wakhe u-Hadmar I von Kuenring akhe khona inqaba ephezu kwentaba ngekhulu le-12. eyakhelwe. Udonga oluvikelayo, njengodonga lwedolobha olunwetshiwe, luxhuma idolobhana nenqaba.
Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwegama lendawo uDürnstein kubuyela emuva ekuthunjweni kweNkosi uRichard the Lionheart eDürnstein Castle, kusukela ngoDisemba 21, 1192 kuya kuFebhuwari 4, 1193. Wabe esethunyelwa kuMbusi waseJalimane uHeinrich VI. ilethiwe. Ingxenye yesihlengo eyakhokhelwa ukuze kukhululwe inkosi yamaNgisi yenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukukhulisa inqaba nedolobha laseDürnstein ngekhulu le-13 nele-14.
Ngo-1347 iDürnstein yaba idolobha, ijazi lezikhali ledolobha laklonyeliswa uMbusi uFriedrich III. eminyakeni engaphezu kweyi-100 kamuva.
Ekupheleni kweMpi Yeminyaka Engamashumi Amathathu ngo-1645, abaseSweden banqoba iDürnstein Castle futhi baliqhumisa isango. Lesi sigodlo asikaze sihlalwe muntu kusukela ngaleso sikhathi futhi sesiwile.
Amanxiwa enqaba yase-Aggstein
Onqenqemeni oluwumngcingo, unqenqema olubheke empumalanga-ntshonalanga, amamitha angu-300 ngaphezu kosebe lwesokudla lweDanube, kukhona wakha twin castle Aggstein. I-outcrop enamatshe engamamitha angu-12 ukuphakama ihlanganiswe ohlangothini ngalunye lwezinhlangothi ezimbili ezincane, olusempumalanga lubizwa ngokuthi i-Bürgl kanye ne-western Stein.
Isakhiwo samanje samanxiwa enqaba sibuyela emuva esikhathini sokwakhiwa kabusha kukaJörg Scheck vom Wald.
U-Jörg Scheck vom Wald wayeyikhansela futhi engukaputeni we-Albrecht V yase-Habsburg. Waphathiswa inqaba, wanikezwa umsebenzi wokuyakha kabusha ngemva kokuba ibhujiswe nguFrederick II ngo-1230 futhi ngo-1295 ngu-Albrecht I. U-Jörg Scheck vom Wald wathola ilungelo lokukhokhiswa imikhumbi ekhuphuka ngomfula, wabe esephoqeleka ukuba anakekele izitebhisi ezigudla iDanube.
Kusukela e-Aggstein Castle, ukubuka kuvuleka kakhulu nhlangothi zombili, ukuze ukuzulazula eDanube kuvikeleke. Yonke imikhumbi esondelayo yayingabikwa ngamacilongo ngezindlu ezimbili ezifuthayo eDanube.
UDuke Friedrich III. wathatha inqaba ngo-1477. Waqasha abaqashi kwaze kwaba yilapho u-Anna von Polheim, umfelokazi wesiqashi sokugcina, ethenga le nqaba ngo-1606. Wenza i-"Mittelburg" inwetshiwe futhi yazuza njengefa kumzala wakhe u-Otto Max von Abensberg-Traun. Ngemva kwalokho, le nqaba yayinganakwa futhi kancane kancane yawela esimweni esibi. Ngo-1930 umndeni wakwaSeilern-Aspang wathenga amanxiwa enqaba.
Castle amanxiwa isakhiwo esingemuva
I-Hinterhaus Castle yakhiwe ukuze ivikele umzila wokuhweba osuka e-Danube udlule ezindaweni eziningi ezisenyakatho ukuya e-Bohemia, njengendawo yokulawula phezu kwesigodi saseDanube nanjengesizinda sokuphatha. Iphethwe yisigodlo sezindela saseNiederaltaich njenge "castrum in monte", le nqaba yashiwo okokuqala embhalweni ngo-1243.
I-Duchy yaseBavaria yathatha i-Hinterhaus Castle kwaze kwaba ngu-1504. I-Kuenringers yaba izingxabano futhi yadlulisela i-Hinterhaus "njenge-sub-fiefdom" kungcweti u-Arnold von Spitz.
Ngemuva kwalokho, i-Hinterhaus Castle kanye nefa le-Spitz bathenjiswa umndeni wakwa-Wallseer futhi kusukela ngo-1385 kwaya emndenini wakwaMaissauer.
Ngo-1504, iHinterhaus Castle yathathwa yiDuchy yase-Austria ngaphansi kwe-Enns. Le nqaba yawela esimweni esibi ngekhulu le-16, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo yasebenza njengenqaba ngokumelene nama-Ottomans, yaqiniswa ukwakhiwa kwemibhoshongo emibili eyindilinga. Ngenxa yeZimpi ZaseNapoleonic ngo-1805 no-1809, iHinterhaus Castle yagcina isesimweni esibi. Kusukela ngo-1970 amanxiwa angaphansi kukamasipala waseSpitz.
Izindela ze-Baroque e-Wachau
INguquko kanye NeziNguquko Eziphikisayo eWachau
Izigodlo ezimangalisayo, ze-baroque ze-Benedictine abbey Melk kanye nesigodlo sezindela saseBenedictine i-Göttweig zikhanya zisuka kude ekungeneni nasekugcineni kwe-Wachau, isigodlo esiphakeme se-baroque i-Dürnstein ihlezi phakathi.
Ngesikhathi seNguquko, iWachau yayiyisizinda sobuProthestani.
U-Isack noJakob Aspan, abanikazi beFörtof ngaseStein, babebaluleke kakhulu ebuLuthela amashumi eminyaka. NgamaSonto, amakhulu abantu baseKrems Stein ayevame ukuza eFörtof ezolalela izintshumayelo. Naphezu kwezingxabano noMbhishobhi uMelchior Khlesl, izinkonzo zamaProthestani zaqhutshwa lapha kwaze kwaba ngu-1613. Ngo-1624 i-Förtof ne-chapel yafika eCanons of Dürnstein futhi, ngemva kokuqedwa kwayo ngo-1788, yaya eHerzogenburg Abbey.
“Ithempeli Lomfundisi” elinepulpiti lapho abashumayeli bamaLuthela ababememezela khona iZwi likaNkulunkulu lisamile nanamuhla emathuneni aseSpitz an der Donau. Abanikazi bendawo yakwaSpitz ngaleso sikhathi, iLord of Kirchberg bese kuba amaKueffstainers, babengabasekeli nabasekeli benkolo yamaLuthela. UHans Lorenz II. UKueffstain wakha isonto lamaLuthela eSpitzer Castle. Ngokwemvume yenkolo eyanikezwa izigodi (1568), wayenelungelo lokwenza kanjalo. Isimo sashintsha ngaphansi koMbusi uFerdinand II.Ngo-1620 inqaba nesonto kwashiswa, okwathi ngemva kwalokho idolobha lonke lagqamuka amalangabi. Isonto lamaLuthela enqabeni alizange lakhiwe kabusha.
E-Weißenkirchen, futhi, kwakukhona amaProthestani ikakhulukazi iminyaka engaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu. Kuthiwa awekho “amaLuthela amabi kakhulu” ezweni lonke kunaseWachau.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi lweDanube eRossatz, amaKatolika kamuva kamuva kwabusa amaProthestani. AmaLuthela nawo ahlangana ngezinkonzo endaweni evulekile "Evangeliwandl" ngenhla kwedolobha laseRührsdorf.
ESchönbühel, abakwaStarhebergs babewujuqu lobuProthestani. Izinkonzo zamaLuthela zenzeka ngekhulu le-16. esontweni lenqaba eSchönbühel.
Kodwa-ke, umphakathi waphinde waba yiKhatholika ngemva kokuba u-Konrad Balthasar Graf Starhemberg eguqulele ebuKatolika ngo-1639.
Ngemva kokuphela kweMpi Yeminyaka Engamashumi Amathathu, iningi labantu baseWachau lisengamaLuthela. Ngo-30 ithi "ayikho iKhatholika emkhandlwini". Amakhomishana okholo avuselela izakhamuzi futhi amaProthestani kwadingeka ashiye isigodi saseWachau.
Benedictine Abbey Melk
Isikhumbuzo, i-baroque Benedictine Abbey yaseMelk, ebonakala kude, ikhanya ngokuphuzi okucebile eweni elehla ngokukhuphuka liya enyakatho ngasemfuleni iMelk kanye neDanube. Njengenye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu nezinkulu ezihlangene ze-baroque eYurophu, ivikelwe njengendawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ye-UNESCO.
Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-10, umbusi wacasula uLeopold I waseBabenberg ngomcu owumngcingo ngaseDanube, phakathi kwawo okwakuyinqaba yaseMelk, indawo yokuhlala enezivikelo eziqinile.
IMelk yasebenza njengendawo yokungcwaba iBabenbergs kanye nendawo yokungcwaba yaseSt. Koloman, usanta wokuqala wezwe.
UMargrave Leopold II wayenendlu yezindela eyakhiwe edwaleni ngaphezu kwedolobhana laseMelk, lapho izindela zamaBenedictine zaseLambach Abbey zathuthela khona ngo-1089. Inqaba yaseBabenberg, kanye nezimpahla, amapherishi kanye nedolobhana laseMelk, kwadluliselwa kuLeopold III. kwabakwaBenedictine njengabanikazi bezindlu. Ngekhulu le-12 isikole sasungulwa endaweni yezindela yaseMelk Abbey, manje osekuyisikole esidala kunazo zonke e-Austria.
Ngemva kokuba iningi lezicukuthwane liguqukele ebuProthestani kanye nenani labantu abangena esigodlweni sezindela lehle kakhulu, lesi sigodlo sase sisonqenqemeni lokuhlakazwa ngo-1566. Ngenxa yalokho, iMelk yayiyisikhungo sesifunda se-Counter-Reformation.
Ngo-1700 u-Berthold Dietmayr wakhethwa njengo-abbot we-Melk Abbey. U-Berthold Dietmayr wazibekela umgomo wokuqinisa nokugcizelela ukubaluleka kwezenkolo, ezombangazwe nezingokomoya zesigodlo ngokwakha isakhiwo esisha se-baroque se-Melk Abbey.
UJakob Prandtauer, umakhi obalulekile we-baroque, uhlele ukwakhiwa okusha kwesakhiwo sezindela eMelk. IMelk Abbey, enye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu nezinkulu ezihlangene zeBaroque eYurophu, yavulwa ngo-1746.
Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa kwezwe ngo-1848, iMelk Abbey yalahlekelwa ubunikazi bayo. Izimali zesinxephezelo zazuza ekulungisweni okuvamile kwesigodlo sezindela.
Ukuze kuxhaswe umsebenzi wokulungisa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, iMelk Abbey yathengisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, iBhayibheli eliyigugu likaGutenberg elisuka e-Abbey Library layiswa eNyuvesi yaseYale ngo-1926.
Ukuvakasha kuphelela e-Abbey Park ngokuvakasha kwe-Melk Abbey ngokuvakashela i-Imperial Wing, i-Marble Hall, i-Abbey Library, i-Abbey Church kanye nombono we-panoramic ovela kuvulandi we-Danube Valley. Indlela idlula ezingadini ze-baroque ezivuselelwe ukuya endaweni yengadi ye-baroque enemihlaba ependayo ependiwe ka-Johann Wenzel Bergl.
Ukufakwa kobuciko besimanje, endaweni eseduze ye-English landscape park,
gcwalisa futhi ujulise isipiliyoni samasiko sokuvakashela esigodlweni futhi uxhumane nesimanje.
Isigodlo sezindela saseBenedictine uGöttweig "i-Austrian Montecassino"
I-baroque Benedictine monastery yaseGöttweig imibhoshongo ngokungangabazeki ngamamitha angama-422 ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle emaphethelweni asempumalanga ye-Wachau, egqumeni elibhekene nedolobha laseKrems. I-Göttweig Abbey ibizwa nangokuthi "i-Austrian Montecassino" ngenxa yendawo yayo yezintaba.
Okutholwe komlando ku-Göttweiger Berg, kusukela ku-Bronze and Iron Ages, kufakazela ukuxazululwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Kuze kube ngekhulu lesi-5 kwakukhona indawo yokuhlala yamaRoma entabeni kanye nomgwaqo osuka eMautern/Favianis uya eSt. Pölten/ Aelium Cetium.
UMbhishobhi u-Altmann von Passau wasungula i-Göttweig Abbey ngo-1083. Njengendlu kamoya, isigodlo saseBenedictine sasiyisikhungo samandla, sokuphatha kanye nebhizinisi. I-Erentrudis chapel, inqaba endala, i-crypt kanye ne-chancel yesonto yizakhiwo kusukela esikhathini sokusungulwa.
I-Göttweig Abbey, indlu yezindela enezivikelo eziqinile ehlanganisa amasonto, izindlu zesonto, izindawo zokuhlala kanye nezakhiwo zamapulazi, yandiswa kakhulu ngeNkathi Ephakathi. Phakathi neNguquko, isigodlo sezindela saseGöttweig sasisongelwa ukuncipha kobuKatolika. Izinguquko eziphikisanayo zavuselela ukuphila kwezindela.
Umlilo ngo-1718 wacekela phansi ingxenye enkulu yesigodlo sezindela saseGöttweig. Ngokwepulani lesitezi, ukwakhiwa kabusha kwe-baroque kwahlelwa ngu-Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt, ngokusekelwe kumodeli yendawo yokuhlala yezindela i-El Escorial.
Izinto ezikhethekile esigodlweni sezindela umnyuziyamu ophikweni lombuso, izitebhisi zombuso ezine-fresco yophahla kaPaul Troger kusukela ngo-1739, amagumbi obukhosi kanye nombuso kanye nesonto elihlangene eline-crypt ne-cloister.
Ngesikhathi se-Baroque, i-Göttweiger Abbey Library yayingomunye wemitapo yolwazi evelele kakhulu emhlabeni okhuluma isiJalimane. Emtatsheni wezincwadi waseGöttweig Abbey kukhona neqoqo lomculo elibalulekile.
Canons of Dürnstein kanye nombhoshongo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Imvelaphi yesakhiwo sezindela sase-Dürnstein kwakuyi-Marienkapelle eyanikelwa ngu-Elsbeth von Kuenring ngo-1372.
Ngo-1410, u-Otto von Maissau wanweba lesi sakhiwo ukuze sifake isigodlo sezindela, asidlulisela kuma-Augustinian canons asuka eWittingau eBohemia.
Phakathi nekhulu le-15, lesi sakhiwo sanwetshwa ukuze sifake isonto ne-cloister.
Ukubukeka kwamanje kwe-Dürnstein Abbey kubuyela emuva ku-Probst Hieronymus Übelbacher.
Wayefundile futhi enesithakazelo kwezobuciko nesayensi. Ngokuphathwa kwezomnotho okuhlakaniphile, wahlela ukuvuselelwa kwe-baroque yesigodlo sezindela, ecabangela isakhiwo sezindela samaGothic. UJoseph Munggenast wayengumphathi wezokwakha oyinhloko, kwathi uJakob Prandtauer waklama ingosi yokungena kanye negceke lezindela.
Isakhiwo se-Dürnstein Abbey yi-ocher yomhlaba kanye ne-mustard yellow, umbhoshongo wesonto, wango-1773, uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe. Ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa kusuka ngo-1985-2019, ama-invoyisi odayi abaluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ingilazi ye-potassium silicate enombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ene-cobalt(II) oxide) atholakala endaweni yomlando yezindela.
Njengoba kwakucatshangwa ukuthi umbhoshongo wesonto laseDürnstein wawufakwe umbala ovela engilazini eyimpuphu ye-cobalt ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa, walungiswa ngale ndlela. Namuhla, umbhoshongo we-Dürnstein Abbey ukhanya isibhakabhaka-luhlaza njengophawu lwe-Wachau.
I-Canons yase-Dürnstein yaqedwa ngo-1788 futhi yadluliselwa kuma-Augustinian Canons of Herzogenburg.
I-Schönbühel Castle kanye ne-Servite Monastery
I-Schönbühel Castle e-spur, 36m ngaphezu kwe-Danube ekungeneni kwe-Wachau, kanye ne-Servitenkloster, ebonakala kude, yakha ukugqama kwesakhiwo esihlobene nezwe endaweni yase-Danube. Indawo ye-castle complex yayivele yakhiwe nge-Bronze Age bese kuba ngamaRoma.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-9 ISchönbühel yayiphethwe yisifundabhishobhi sasePassau. Ngo-1396 i-"castrum Schoenpuhel" yangena ezandleni zama-Counts of Starheberg kwaze kwaba ngu-1819. Inqaba engenhla kwamadwala amabili e-Danube, edume ngokuthi "i-Kuh ne-Kalbl", yathola isimo sayo samanje ngekhulu le-19.
Kusukela ngo-1927, i-castle estate ibiphethwe ngabakwa-Counts of Seilern-Aspang. Yonke indlu yesigodlo ingeyangasese futhi ayivulekele umphakathi.
Ngekhulu le-16, iSchönbühel yayiyisikhungo seNguquko ngaphansi kwe-Counts of Starheberg. Ngemva kokuguqukela enkolweni yamaKatolika ngo-1639, uKonrad Balthasar von Starhemberg wasungula isigodlo sezindela samaServite ngaphezu kwezindonga zeDonauwarte eyayicekeleke phansi.
Kwakhiwa ithuna likaKristu endaweni yamakhwaya yesonto lezindela lase-St. Rosalia futhi ku-crypt umfanekiso oyingqayizivele weGrotto of the Nativity of Bethlehem. Izimiso zemigede efana nale ndawo yokuzalwa zifana nezindawo zokuhlala izakhamuzi zakuqala zaseBetlehema.
Ukudlondlobala kwesigodlo esinesonto lokuhambela kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba yizinguquko zesigodlo sezindela saseJosephine.
Ukushoda kwabapristi kanye nokulahlekelwa izisekelo ngenxa yenkolo kwaletha isigodlo ebunzimeni. Izakhiwo zesonto nezezindela zazinganakwa futhi zawa. Ngo-1980 abapristi bokugcina bashiya isigodlo. Izakhiwo zezindela zabuyiselwa eSchönbühel Castle ngokuvumelana nesivumelwano sesisekelo.
I-Aggsbach Charterhouse
U-Heidenreich von Maissau nomkakhe u-Anna abavela emndenini wakwaKuenringer banikela nge-Aggsbach Charterhouse ngo-1380.
Indawo yokungena esigodlweni sezindela yayingasentshonalanga embhoshongweni omkhulu wesango.
Amasonto amaCarthusian ayengenawo umqansa kanye nepulpiti noma isitho somzimba, ngoba njengamaFranciscans kanye namaTrappists akuqala ukudumisa uNkulunkulu kwakufanele kuculwe yizindela emasontweni aseCarthusian.
Ngekhulu le-16 kwahlala izindela ezintathu kuphela esigodlweni futhi ngenxa yalokho izakhiwo zawa. Cishe ngo-1600 isakhiwo sezindela savuselelwa ngesitayela seRenaissance kanye nesonto ngekhulu le-17. kuvuselelwe.
UMbusi uJosef II waqeda isigodlo ngo-1782, indawo yathengiswa futhi indlu yezindela yaguqulwa yaba isigodlo. Amagugu esigodlo sezindela kamuva afika eHerzogenburg: i-altare lamaGothic kusukela ngo-1450, i-altare eliphakeme lase-Aggsbach likaJörg Breu Omdala. 1501, umfanekiso wokhuni, i-altare likaMikayeli kusukela ngo-1500 kanye nethempeli lamapulangwe.
Imyuziyamu nengadi yokuzindla, umsebenzi womdwebi u-Marianne Maderna, ihlose ukuletha izivakashi eduze nengcebo engokomoya yama-Carthusians.
Ezokuvakasha e-Wachau - kusukela ezindaweni zokungcebeleka zasehlobo kuya eholidini lasehlobo
Iholide lasehlobo e-Wachau linikeza amathuba amaningi okuthola i-Wachau ngendlela esebenzayo nekhululekile. Ngomkhumbi osuka e-Krems uya e-Melk e-Danube futhi ubuye ne-Wachaubahn yothando, ungathola i-Wachau ngendlela ekhetheke kakhulu. Noma zungeza i-Danube Cycle Path endaweni eyingqayizivele yomfula. Izinhlobonhlobo zohambo lokuqwala izintaba ziyatholakala ku-World Heritage Trail, endaweni evikelekile enezindawo ezinhle kakhulu phezu kwesigodi saseDanube. Ukubhukuda eDanube kuqinisekisa ukuqabuleka ngezinsuku ezishisayo zasehlobo. Amadolobha, izinqaba, izigodlo nezigodlo kanye namamnyuziyamu anikeza izivakashi ezinentshisekelo olwazini lwamasiko nezinto ezithokozisayo.
Umphakathi wasezinkantolo wawujwayele ukubuyela ezindaweni zezwe lawo phakathi nezinyanga ezishisayo zasehlobo. Ngokulingisa lo mphakathi, cishe ngo-1800 "indawo yokungcebeleka yasehlobo" yathuthuka yaba igatsha elihlukile lemboni kwezinye izindawo.
Yatholwa kanjena i-Wachau njengendawo yokuvakasha kanye neholide. Ubuhle "bezinsuku zakudala" kanye nezwe eliyingqayizivele lihehe abaculi ikakhulukazi.
Ukuhlala kuleli zwe kwakuyindaba yokuvelela ngokwezimali, isibopho emphakathini. Yayisiza impilo, yayiwukuphazamiseka kokuphila kwansuku zonke, noma ukulangazelela izwe ngentshiseko. Izicukuthwane kanye nezigaba eziphezulu zaziphila impilo eyinkimbinkimbi emakhaya abo okuvakasha nasemahhotela amahle.
Izivakashi zasehlobo zakhetha indawo yokuvakasha eziya kuyo ngokuphindaphindiwe. Kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuSeptemba, kuze kube yizinyanga ezingu-3, nemithwalo emikhulu nezinceku, umndeni wonke wawuchitha ihlobo endaweni yokuphumula yasehlobo, ngezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kobaba okwakudingeka baqhubeke nebhizinisi.
Ngenxa yokulawulwa okusemthethweni kwesikhathi sokungcebeleka kanye nelungelo leholide labantu abasebenzayo, bekusekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ama-petit bourgeois anelungelo noma amalungu esigaba sabasebenzi ahambe.
“Abantu abancane” babehlala ezindaweni ezizimele. Amalungu omndeni wesilisa amadala ayeya endaweni yokungcebeleka yasehlobo kuphela kusihlwa noma ngamaSonto futhi aphathele umndeni ukudla.
Esikhathini sezimpi, i-“Busserlzug” yodumo yayigijima njalo ngoMgqibelo ntambama isuka e-Franz-Josefs-Bahnhof yase-Vienna iya e-Kamptal, isibonelo.
Wama kuzo zonke iziteshi. Abesifazane nezingane babelinde emapulatifomu obaba ababefika bevela edolobheni elikhulu.
Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, ukucindezeleka kwezomnotho okuvamile kanye nokuntuleka kokudla kwakukhulu, ngakho ukuphakela umphakathi wendawo kwakuyinto ehamba phambili. Ukucasukela abantu abangabazi kwakuyinto evamile.
Ngemva kokuphela kwempi, i-hyperinflation yaqala futhi izinga ezimakethe zokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe lehla. Ngale ndlela i-Austria yaba enye yezindawo zamaholide ezishibhe kakhulu zezivakashi zakwamanye amazwe. Kwakunesidingo sama-visa eYurophu ngeminyaka yawo-XNUMX, lapho izifundazwe eziningi zazizivikela.
Lokhu kwahoxiswa phakathi kwe-German Reich ne-Austria ngo-1925.
Ukuvakasha kwezinsuku zethu kwavela endaweni yokungcebeleka yasehlobo. Ukugeza emachibini, emfuleni, ukugibela izintaba nokuqwala izintaba nokuzijabulisa okwengeziwe okufana netiyetha, imicimbi yomculo kanye nemikhosi yamasiko evamile ephindaphindwayo inikezwa izivakashi zasehlobo namuhla.
imvunulo namasiko
Imvunulo yomkhosi we-Wachau isenkathini ye-Biedermeier ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. ithuthukisiwe. Igqokwa ngokwesintu ngezikhathi zemikhosi kanye nemicimbi yesintu.
Imvunulo yemikhosi yabesifazane iqukethe isiketi esibanzi, eside esine-bodice efana ne-spenser nemikhono ekhukhumezayo, eyenziwe ngezindwangu ezincane noma ezinephethini ze-brocade. Intamo ifakwe i-pleated. Iphinifa likasilika liboshwe phezu kwesiketi.
Ibhonethi yegolide ye-Wachau nezicathulo eziboshiwe zihambisana nemvunulo yemikhosi. Njengomsebenzi wezandla oyigugu owenziwe nge-brocade, usilika noleyisi wegolide, isigqoko segolide sase-Wachau sasiwuphawu lwesimo sabesifazane abakhethekile besigaba esiphakathi.
Abesifazane abavela e-Wachau bagqoka i-dirndl ephrintiwe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eyenziwe ngokotini njengemvunulo yabo yansuku zonke. Indwangu imhlophe ngephethini encane engemuva eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi ihambisana ne-white dirndl blouse kanye ne-apron emnyama eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Imvunulo yefestive yamadoda iqukethe amabhulukwe amnyama amadolo, amasokisi amhlophe kanye nevest ye-velvet noma ye-brocade ye-brocade egqokwa phezu kwehembe elimhlophe. Ijazi elide le-frock elinemibala ehlukene lidonswa phezu kwalo. Iduku lendabuko eliboshwe ngothayi, izicathulo eziboshwe ngamabhande amnyama kanye nesigqoko esimnyama esinotshani obusiba ngamatshe (utshani obunosiba lwamatshe buvikelekile, bukhula otshanini obomile e-Wachau) qedela imvunulo yemikhosi.
Ingxenye ebalulekile yemvunulo yamadoda yansuku zonke yijazi le-Kalmuck lendabuko, eliqine kakhulu lephethini elihloliwe elimnyama, elinsundu nelimhlophe. Igqokwe namabhulukwe amnyama, ihembe likakotini elimhlophe nesigqoko esimnyama esinompawu we-stonefeather.
Amajakhethi enziwe ngendwangu yeKalmuck ayeyizingubo zokusebenza zamatilosi eDanube. Ngokuphela kwe-rafting yendabuko, leli bhantshi eliqinile lamukelwa abalimi bewayini base-Wachau.
Umgubho we-solstice, kusukela enkolweni yelanga kuya emkhosini womkhathi
Ngomhla zingama-21 kuNhlangulana, indawo ephakeme kakhulu yelanga ehlangene nobusuku obufushane kakhulu ingase ibonakale ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ye-tropic. Kusukela ngalolu suku kuqhubeke, amahora okukhanya emini ayafinyezwa.
Ilanga lalihlotshaniswa nesimiso sobudoda emasikweni aseNtshonalanga kanye nesimiso sowesifazane emazweni akhuluma isiJalimane.
I-solstice yasehlobo, umkhosi wokukhanya nomlilo, ukuqala kwehlobo, iyindawo ephakeme phakathi nonyaka. Ukukhulekelwa kwelanga nokukhanya okubuyayo, nokubaluleka kwelanga ukuze uphile emhlabeni, kubuyela emuva emasikweni angaphambi komlando. Lo mlilo kuthiwa unyusa amandla elanga, ukuhlanzwa kwalo mlilo kuthiwa kwenza imimoya emibi iqhelelane nabantu nezilwane futhi ivikele neziphepho.
EYurophu Ephakathi yangaphambi kobuKristu kwakuwumkhosi wokuzala, futhi kwakucelwe nesisa. Imikhosi emikhulu yaphakathi nehlobo eYurophu yenzeka e-Stonehenge minyaka yonke.
Kusukela ebuKristwini, umkhosi we-solstice wasehlobo nawo uhlanganiswe nosuku lwedili lokuhlonipha oNgcwele uJohane uMbhapathizi, uSuku lukaJohane.
Kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-17, inani elikhulu lemikhosi yaphakathi nehlobo liyabhalwa, kanye nemikhosi ebanzi ikakhulukazi e-Wachau nase-Nibelungengau.
Njengoba imikhosi ye-solstice ngokuvamile yayiyimbangela yomlilo onzima futhi kubakhanyisi "inkolelo-ze engadingekile", kwaba nokuvinjelwa okuvamile ngo-1754. Kuphela engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19 lapho i-solstice igujwa futhi njengomkhosi wesintu.
Imibiko yokuvakasha yababhali nezintatheli yenza imigubho yaphakathi nehlobo e-Wachau yaziwa emhlabeni wonke ngaleso sikhathi. Ngaleso sikhathi, izivakashi zahlatshwa umxhwele ukukhanya kwezinkulungwane zezibani zamakhandlela ezincane ezazintanta eDanube.
Njalo ngonyaka cishe ngomhlaka-21 Juni, isifunda sase-Danube Wachau, Nibelungengau, Kremstal sibonakala ngemigubho emnandi yaphakathi nehlobo. Izinkulungwane zezivakashi kakade sezifuna izindawo eduze kweDanube phakathi nosuku ukuze zithole umbukwane wezinqwaba zezinkuni ezivuthayo ngasogwini lomfula namagquma azungezile neziqhumane ezinkulu ezimibalabala lapho kuqala ubumnyama.
E-Spitz, amathoshi angaphezu kuka-3.000 abekwa futhi akhanyiswe minyaka yonke emathafeni ewayini aseSpitz eduze kweDanube.
Iziqhumane ziyathungelwa esikebheni e-Weißenkirchen nasesikebheni e-Arnsdorf. Impophoma yomlilo yendabuko igeleza ngokumangazayo isuka emanxiweni aseHinterhaus.
Iziqhumane zizolandela e-Rossatzbach nase-Dürnstein, ongayithola kahle kakhulu emkhunjini uma kuhwalala.
Izinkampani eziningi zemikhumbi zihlinzeka ngohambo lwalobu busuku njengengxenye yemigubho ye-solstice e-Wachau nase-Nibelungengau.